Abstract
Healthy mitochondria are essential generators of cellular energy, while senescent or damaged mitochondria are bioenergetically inefficient and are sources of reactive oxygen species. The mitochondrial life cycle, comprising biogenesis, fusion/fission events and mitophagic elimination, is carefully orchestrated, and age-related decay of the lifecycle contributes to chronic degenerative diseases. Mitochondria make contacts with other cellular organelles in the endomembrane system (endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes and lysosomes) whose dynamics are co-regulated and interactions finely tuned to meet the cell requirements and maintain the health of the organism. This review will consider the evidence that mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control, as well as the complex interplay among cellular organelles, may be affected by the aging process(es), with negative consequences for the well being of elderly individuals. Moreover, we propose that nutrients or drugs able to maintain organelle homeostasis may represent novel preventive and/or therapeutic approaches for chronic age-related diseases.
Keywords: Mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum, aging, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, hormesis.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Healthspan and Longevity in Mammals: A Family Game for Cellular Organelles?
Volume: 20 Issue: 35
Author(s): Enzo Nisoli and Alessandra Valerio
Affiliation:
Keywords: Mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum, aging, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, hormesis.
Abstract: Healthy mitochondria are essential generators of cellular energy, while senescent or damaged mitochondria are bioenergetically inefficient and are sources of reactive oxygen species. The mitochondrial life cycle, comprising biogenesis, fusion/fission events and mitophagic elimination, is carefully orchestrated, and age-related decay of the lifecycle contributes to chronic degenerative diseases. Mitochondria make contacts with other cellular organelles in the endomembrane system (endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes and lysosomes) whose dynamics are co-regulated and interactions finely tuned to meet the cell requirements and maintain the health of the organism. This review will consider the evidence that mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control, as well as the complex interplay among cellular organelles, may be affected by the aging process(es), with negative consequences for the well being of elderly individuals. Moreover, we propose that nutrients or drugs able to maintain organelle homeostasis may represent novel preventive and/or therapeutic approaches for chronic age-related diseases.
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Cite this article as:
Nisoli Enzo and Valerio Alessandra, Healthspan and Longevity in Mammals: A Family Game for Cellular Organelles?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014; 20 (35) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612820666140306093651
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612820666140306093651 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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