Immunophilins are Involved in the Altered Platelet Aggregation Observed in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

E.      Lopez; A.   Berna-   Erro; J.M.      Hernandez-Cruz; G.M.      Salido; P.C.      Redondo; J.A.      Rosado

doi:10.2174/0929867311320140008

Abstract

Platelet hyperaggregability might contribute to vascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).Experimental evidence supports a direct link between altered Ca2+ entry and hyperaggregability in DM2 patients. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether altered immunophilin expression and function are involved in the abnormal Ca2+ entry observed in platelets from DM2 patients. Results: Inhibition of immunophilins by tacrolimus (FK506) and sirolimus (rapamycin) reduced Ca2+ entry in platelets from healthy donors and DM2 patients. Similarly, immunophilin inhibitors reduced platelet degranulation in both healthy and DM2 subjects. Nevertheless, α-granule secretion reduction was greater than that observed for dense granules in platelets from DM2 patients. However, no difference was observed in the inhibition of secretion in platelets from healthy subjects. Additionally, altered expression of FK506 binding protein-52 (FKBP52) and coupling to Ca²⁺ channels were found in platelets from DM2 patients compared to healthy subjects. Finally, reduction in platelet function from healthy subjects and DM2 patients in the presence of immunophilin antagonists was observed, being this dysfunction more evident in platelets from DM2 patients. Conclusions: We suggest that, among others, FKBP52 expression and function are altered in platelets from DM2 patients, contributing to the altered Ca²⁺ entry and hyperaggregability in these cells.

Keywords: Aggregation, DM2, FKBP52, immunophilin, secretion, SOCE.

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