Abstract
Abuse-deterrent opioid formulations are receiving renewed interest in light of the increasing legitimate medical use of prescription opioids for the adequate treatment of pain. Unfortunately, there is an inevitable associated potential for misuse, diversion, and abuse. The challenges of deterrence are significant: opioid abusers are a heterogeneous population; studies on drug “liking” and opioid “attractiveness” are informative, but mainly rely on reports from users who are not reliable respondents; drug “liking” scores are useful, but it is unclear how much drug “liking” must be reduced in order to achieve an actual reduction in abuse levels; and the most popular drugs among opioid abusers appear to be those that meet a complex combination of both positive and negative criteria including things like availability, pricing, and how easily the drug’s illicit use can be concealed. Several abuse-deterrent formulations have been introduced or are in development. Epidemiological studies will have to be conducted to evaluate their effectiveness. Although there are currently more questions than answers, such products are clearly of medical and societal importance.
Keywords: Opioids, opioid abuse, opioid misuse, abuse-deterrent opioids, abuse-resistant opioids, pain, availability, pricing, drug, effectiveness.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Factors Relevant to Opioid Abuse and Abuse- Deterrent Formulations
Volume: 18 Issue: 37
Author(s): Joseph V. Pergolizzi, Robert B. Raffa, Jason S. Pergolizzi and Robert Taylor
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioids, opioid abuse, opioid misuse, abuse-deterrent opioids, abuse-resistant opioids, pain, availability, pricing, drug, effectiveness.
Abstract: Abuse-deterrent opioid formulations are receiving renewed interest in light of the increasing legitimate medical use of prescription opioids for the adequate treatment of pain. Unfortunately, there is an inevitable associated potential for misuse, diversion, and abuse. The challenges of deterrence are significant: opioid abusers are a heterogeneous population; studies on drug “liking” and opioid “attractiveness” are informative, but mainly rely on reports from users who are not reliable respondents; drug “liking” scores are useful, but it is unclear how much drug “liking” must be reduced in order to achieve an actual reduction in abuse levels; and the most popular drugs among opioid abusers appear to be those that meet a complex combination of both positive and negative criteria including things like availability, pricing, and how easily the drug’s illicit use can be concealed. Several abuse-deterrent formulations have been introduced or are in development. Epidemiological studies will have to be conducted to evaluate their effectiveness. Although there are currently more questions than answers, such products are clearly of medical and societal importance.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
V. Pergolizzi Joseph, B. Raffa Robert, S. Pergolizzi Jason and Taylor Robert, Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Factors Relevant to Opioid Abuse and Abuse- Deterrent Formulations, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582379
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582379 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Release Characteristics In Vitro and In Vivo of In Situ Gels for a Novel Peptide Compared with Low-Molecular-Weight Hydrophilic Drug
Current Drug Delivery BACE1 Levels by APOE Genotype in Non-Demented and Alzheimer’s Post-Mortem Brains
Current Alzheimer Research An Update on NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Engineered Nanomaterials
Current Bionanotechnology (Discontinued) Altered Amplitude of Low-frequency Fluctuations in Early and Late Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Forkhead Box O1-p21 Mediates Macrophage Polarization in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Sevoflurane
Current Neurovascular Research Cerebral Arachidonate Cascade in Dementia: Alzheimers Disease and Vascular Dementia
Current Neuropharmacology Physical Exercise in MCI Elderly Promotes Reduction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Improvements on Cognition and BDNF Peripheral Levels
Current Alzheimer Research Galanthum nivalis Extract is Neurologically Active and Improves Anxiety and Social Interactions in Mesocricetus auratus
The Natural Products Journal Molecular Mimicry in Autoimmune Neurological Disease after Viral Infection
Current Medicinal Chemistry Biocompatible Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems with Targeting Potential for Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glycosaminoglycans, Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration
Current Protein & Peptide Science Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Chemically Modified Insulin Derivative with Alpha Lipoic Acid
Protein & Peptide Letters IL-15 and HIV Infection: Lessons for Immunotherapy and Vaccination
Current HIV Research Alzheimers Disease and n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Beneficial Effects and Possible Molecular Pathways Involved
Current Signal Transduction Therapy The Radionuclide Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Current Cancer Drug Targets Donepezil May Reduce Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Levels in Alzheimer’s disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vascular Cognitive Disorder: A Diagnostic and Pharmacological Treatment Updating
Current Psychopharmacology NGF and BDNF Alterations by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Current Neuropharmacology A Pharmacophore Model Specific to Active Site of CYP1A2 with a Novel Molecular Modeling Explorer and CoMFA
Medicinal Chemistry The Metaboloepigenetic Dimension of Cancer Stem Cells: Evaluating the Market Potential for New Metabostemness-Targeting Oncology Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design