Thyroid nodules have a high prevalence in populations where iodine deficiency rates are high and in people older than 50 years. Considering that only 5-10% of thyroid nodules are of malignant nature, it is apparent that the clinical issue is the cost-effective differential diagnosis between benign nodules and the malignant ones. This e-book addresses this key issue by giving readers a general overview on the clinical aspect of thyroid nodules and specific details on molecular characterization of the nodules. This e-book is particularly suitable for novice endocrinologists but laboratory biologists and technicians involved in the pre-surgical diagnosis of thyroid cancer can also benefit from the additional technical details offered in this text.

The Topics in Anti-Cancer Research e-Book series covers important advances on both experimental (preclinical) and clinical cancer research in drug development. Major developments in the fields of oncology are covered including mechanisms, tumor and stem cell biology, metastasis, tumor suppressors, cancer drug targets, drug clinical trials, cellular and molecular pathology, genomics and genetics, diagnostics, translational therapeutics, tumor immunology, and cancer prevention and epidemiology. Topics in Anti-Cancer Research is an essential e-book series for oncologists, pharmaceutical scientists, clinicians, and to researchers in other related disciplines.

This is the second volume of the Patent eBook Series titled Topics in Anti-Cancer Research. The eBook includes updated chapters on topics relevant to contemporary cancer research published in the journal, Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery. This volume covers scientific and patented novel chemotherapeutic agents and drugs for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and Ras/ Raf /MEK/ERK pathway, P1K, AKT and mTORC1/2 inhibitors, ATPase inhibitors for cancer therapy, and sphingomyelin biosynthesis which regulates cancer cell death and growth. Other chapters also explain research on biochemical regulation i.e. cell cycle and energy metabolism, the role of genetic variations of FcγRs gamma receptors in monoclonal antibody based anti-cancer therapy and effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy, endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors and anti-angiogenic drugs for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, prevention of cancer by ribonucleotide reductase, anticancer activity of Erlotinib in glioblastoma and the mechanisms of action of nanodrugs and nano-sized camptothecin drugs in cancer chemotherapy. The volume also covers recent studies in the field of onconutrition. The broad range of topics covered in this second volume will be of immense interest to clinicians, scientists and R&D experts seeking new targets for the prevention of cancer, novel oncogenic biomarkers, and methods for cancer therapy.

This is the third volume of the Patent eBook Series entitled Topics in Anti-Cancer Research. This eBook comprises updated reviews on topics relevant to modern cancer research published in the journal Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery. The comprehensive range of themes covered in this third volume will be of benefit to clinicians, scientists and R&D experts looking for new targets for the prevention of cancer and discovery of drugs for the treatment of different cancer types. Regulation of tumor cells by TRAIL receptors, development of anti- cancer drugs & immunomodulatory drugs, molecular studies of adrenocortical cancer, role of inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase in cancer, recent updates in glioblastoma stem cells, latest approaches for cancer gene therapy and metabolic therapy for cancer were reviewed and updated. The role of pH regulation and application of hyperthermia, thiosemicarbazone derivatives, tamoxifen-based therapies for cancer treatment andproteome-based complex therapy of tumors, calcium signaling and angiogenesis, antineoplastic role of GHRH antagonists and therapeutic applications in human tumors and clinical oncology have been extensively discussed in the light of recent innovations. The topics covered in this third volume will be valuable for those interested in scientists interests in methods for the prevention of cancer as well its management.

This is the fourth volume of the eBook Series entitled Topics in Anti-Cancer Research. This volume covers new research as well as updated chapters on topics relevant to modern cancer research published in the journal Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery. Interesting diverse methods, new technologies and fast developing areas in the field of anti-cancer research are presented. The topics included in the present volume will be of great value to clinicians, scientists and R&D experts aiming to learn more about the latest developments and new alternatives for different types of cancer treatment. The use of gold macro rods and ultrasound for cancer treatment with hyperthermia, obesity associated breast cancer, and the role of cytokines and chemokines pathways in studying cancer immunotherapy are discussed. The mechanism of antibody-drug and antibody-toxin conjugates alongwith clinical trials research, significance of transforming growth factor-beta and urokinase type plasminogen activator in tumorigenesis and reverstol studies in oncohematological disorders are also presented. Other important areas covered include the discovery of novel compounds, drugs and chemotherapeutics in the treatment of lung cancer, biological functions of cell surface nucleolin in cancer, polymeric nanosystems and nanosystem applications used for anticancer drug therapy. Recent advances in development of new potent tubulin inhibitors and structures of molecular hybrids and their actions in different cell lines have also been discussed. All these studies focused are supported by recent associated patents The topics covered in this fourth volume will be of immense interest for those researchers and scientists looking for new techniques, targets, drugs, compounds and drug delivery methods for various types of cancer and its control.

The fifth volume of this series entitled “Topics in Anti-Cancer Research” presents an overview of recent developments in the field of cancer. The topics covered include regulatory policies, cell based anticancer drug delivery systems, anticancer agents targeting heat shock proteins, and tumor homing peptides (THPs) for treatment of cancer.

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers important advances on both experimental (preclinical) and clinical cancer research in drug development. The book series offers readers an insight into current and future therapeutic approaches for the prevention of different types of cancers, synthesizing new anti-cancer agents, new patented compounds, targets and agents for cancer therapy as well as recent molecular and gene therapy research. The comprehensive range of themes covered in each volume will be beneficial to clinicians, immunologists, and R&D experts looking for new anti-cancer targets and patents for the treatment of neoplasms, as well as varied approaches for cancer therapy.

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers important advances on both experimental (preclinical) and clinical cancer research in drug development. The book series offers readers an insight into current and future therapeutic approaches for the prevention of different types of cancers, synthesizing new anti-cancer agents, new patented compounds, targets and agents for cancer therapy as well as recent molecular and gene therapy research.</p> <p> The comprehensive range of themes covered in each volume will be beneficial to clinicians, immunologists, and R&D experts looking for new anti-cancer targets and patents for the treatment of neoplasms, as well as varied approaches for cancer therapy.</p> <p> The topics covered in the seventh volume of this series include: - The role of inflammation in chemotherapy-induced neuromuscular effects - Advances in nutrigenomics and relevant anti-cancer patents - Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for on-demand anti-cancer drug release - Harnessing biochemical mechanisms that control autophagy for treating esophageal cancer.</p>

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers new developments in the field of cancer. Novel drugs as anticancer agents include natural and synthetic phenazines and other anti-cancer compounds. It also encompasses the role of estrogen as endocrine disruptors and strategies targeting cancer stem cells for the treatment of different types of cancers, including myeloma and renal cell cancer. <p></p> The diversity of researches and topics published in this eBook Series will be valuable to cancer researchers, clinicians, and cancer professionals aiming to develop novel anti-cancer targets for the treatment of various cancers. <p></p> The topics covered in the eighth volume of this series are as follows: <p></p> -Novel Drugs for Multiple Myeloma <p></p> -Synthetic Estrogens are Endocrine Disruptors via Inhibition of AF1 Domain of ERs <p></p> -Recent Progress of Phenazines as Anticancer Agents <p></p> -Cancer Stem Cell Targeting for Anticancer Therapy: Strategies and Challenges

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers new developments in the field of cancer diagnosis and drug therapy. Novel drugs as anticancer agents include natural and synthetic phenazirines and other anti-cancer compounds. The series also covers information on the current understanding of the pathology and molecular biology of specific neoplasms. The diversity of research topics published in this book series give broad and valuable perspectives for cancer researchers, clinicians, cancer professionals aiming to develop novel anti-cancer targets and patents for the treatment of various cancers. The topics covered in this volume are: - Recent Patents on Exosome-Derived Therapeutic Agents - Serrated Lesions of the Colon and Rectum: An Overview of Pathology and Emphasis on a New Classification - Introducing the 188W/188Re and 144Ce/144Pr Plaques for Eye Cancers Brachytherapy - ShcA Family of Adaptor Proteins: Dual Role in Cell Growth - Hormones Management as Anticancer Treatment and Protection: Functions and Mechanism of Action