Wonders of Nanotechnology

The Sector of Nano-Technology, at present, has evolved with a gigantic breakthrough in the World of Technology. Keeping in view the application of Nano- Technology on items such as of range from clothing to etc., funding and investment are immensely encompassed for research in materials throughout the world. Nanotechnology is being well-thought-out as another industrial revolution and is expected to be our socioeconomic life for the upcoming 40-50 years. Nanotechnology deals with the materials at small level such as atoms and molecules are referred to be as Nano-Technology. Nanotechnology is the science and technology at the level of such small material sizes as that of atoms and molecules. These materials are called to be as “Nanomaterials”. Their structures are keenly researched and these materials are used in almost all types of industrial products to improve their quality and performance with large value additions. In order to perceive the small sizes of atoms and molecules, it can be imagined that these sizes are 800,000 times smaller in size as compared to the thickness of human hair or of a paper sheet.

The materials used at that small sizes or scale, what is termed as “nano scale”, are termed as nanomaterials and have very exotic properties and improve the performance of the products, thereby adding great value to the similar industrial products which donot use nanoscale materials and which bring much lower prices. These industrial products could be textiles, medicines, pharmaceuticals, sports goods, auto or electronics products, computers, communication equipment, solar energy, clean drinking water, materials of construction industry, oil and gas exploration, defense and security equipment, etc.

This is because of the fact that all materials are made of atoms and molecules and the control and use of materials at that small sizes make the products of great quality and performance. In this chapter, it has been endeavored to summarize the recent development in nanotechnology for numerous applications in energy/power, medicine/healthcare, water purification, biotechnology, electronics, sporting goods, environmental issues, defense/security, and textile/fabrics.

Keywords: Applications, clean drinking water, communication equipment, computers, electronics products, energy, industrial products, nano hazards, nanomaterials, nanoparticles, nanotchnology, photovoltaic, solar cells, solar energy.