Premium and Specialized Intraocular Lenses

Aspheric Intraocular Lenses

Author(s): Yoel Greenwald and Guy Kleinmann

Pp: 21-43 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608058327114010005

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

During the aging process, the spherical aberration (SA) induced by the natural lens shifts from negative to positive values, impairing optical quality. Standard spherical intraocular lenses (IOLs) similarly induce positive SA. To deal with this problem aspheric IOLs have been designed to induce a negative or neutral SA, effectively reducing optical SA in a manner similar to the lens in a young phakic eye. It has been postulated that implanting an aspheric IOL would improve image clarity over that provided by a standard spherical IOL because of reduced optical aberrations. Multiple simulations, as well as clinical trials evaluating mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity, have shown that aspheric IOLs indeed provide improved spectacle corrected contrast function over comparable spherical IOLs. This is especially true for under scotopic conditions where maximal pupillary dilation increases the magnitude of optical SA errors. However, the clinical significance of these contrast improvements for the average cataract patient has been called into question for many reasons, primarily because senile miosis effectively minimizes the magnitude of post-operative optical SA. Recent efforts to use aspheric IOLs to individualize post-operative ocular SA have shown promising visual results; however the ideal post-operative spherical aberration has not yet been determined. Further study into optimizing the interaction between the full spectrum of higher order aberrations in the pseudophakic eye may be useful in defining the future role for aspheric IOL technology in enhancing visual function in pseudophakia.


Keywords: Cataract, intraocular lens, pseudophakia, spherical aberration, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity.

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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
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      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59559709 and j.to_ip >=59559709 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496832 and j.to_date >= 1740496832 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6329) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59559709 and j.to_ip >=59559709 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496832 and j.to_date >= 1740496832 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6329) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59559709 and j.to_ip >=59559709 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496832 and j.to_date >= 1740496832 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6329)
      850μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1494 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740496832 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740496832 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1494
      • 3: 1740496832
      • 4: 1740496832
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cf40bec7da8deece8bc1b7306741f447'
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    6Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        zoTRBkiYnwAb5fuvgvyxmLrJIcZGYQRnR08PsDQ8
        uc_cart_id
        cf40bec7da8deece8bc1b7306741f447
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/6329" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/6329
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 15:20:32 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhlRk4rMWNTajZZWWVXdjFlaVk2bXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQjFQODIzSjBhYWVza1pKbWxOZGh1M0I4MTdjL0RJTDBzaVlxM1hZUUd1NnRzTURUSFF2MlpzdUltb0p0U25XV1hZRVBvaDUzSVNIOHdvcXZNSEQ4VFZWVGNiL1hVaDZuUHZES2hDS0pjOG9TeFNrcXljbWNtKzhSeERJMTFyaTQiLCJtYWMiOiJlNjEwOTRlYTdiNjNlNzNmNmUzZjJjMGQ3MGZjYjcxZDU4MTE3NGY4YWI3ZWQ5YTIwOGM5OTJlMzc2MjExNTE3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 03:20:32 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhlRk4rMWNTajZZWWVXdjFlaVk2bXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQjFQODIzSjBhYWVza1pKbWxOZGh1M0I4MTdjL0RJTDBzaVlxM1hZUUd1NnRzTURUSFF2MlpzdUltb0p0U25XV1hZRVBva" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhoTHpuVFQzRG14dVRHWmQwWVJsUnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoielVzeUw4a01MUjdmMUJwY3hMS2tWRGZFK3FFZDZ4V0lLMkMwOVdWa1dyWU1KK0JaL0xScGRUOCtOcmVqMmtHYjZ5VFRjQjdiYUZHYzFuaFN6NGJYbGVPMHQrSlB4T1lxVnIzUTBOTTlSUGFaQXd0TWFCQ1F6Ry81TWhMWmlJOVEiLCJtYWMiOiIwZWU4ZTE1OGNmYmE0MDI1ODNjZjlmZjdjZDk0MmYwZDY1OTM4NjQ2NmMyNWRhMDE5Y2NlZTEyOWFjMzliYjY2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhoTHpuVFQzRG14dVRHWmQwWVJsUnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoielVzeUw4a01MUjdmMUJwY3hMS2tWRGZFK3FFZDZ4V0lLMkMwOVdWa1dyWU1KK0JaL0xScGRUOCt" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhlRk4rMWNTajZZWWVXdjFlaVk2bXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQjFQODIzSjBhYWVza1pKbWxOZGh1M0I4MTdjL0RJTDBzaVlxM1hZUUd1NnRzTURUSFF2MlpzdUltb0p0U25XV1hZRVBvaDUzSVNIOHdvcXZNSEQ4VFZWVGNiL1hVaDZuUHZES2hDS0pjOG9TeFNrcXljbWNtKzhSeERJMTFyaTQiLCJtYWMiOiJlNjEwOTRlYTdiNjNlNzNmNmUzZjJjMGQ3MGZjYjcxZDU4MTE3NGY4YWI3ZWQ5YTIwOGM5OTJlMzc2MjExNTE3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 03:20:32 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhlRk4rMWNTajZZWWVXdjFlaVk2bXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQjFQODIzSjBhYWVza1pKbWxOZGh1M0I4MTdjL0RJTDBzaVlxM1hZUUd1NnRzTURUSFF2MlpzdUltb0p0U25XV1hZRVBva" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhoTHpuVFQzRG14dVRHWmQwWVJsUnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoielVzeUw4a01MUjdmMUJwY3hMS2tWRGZFK3FFZDZ4V0lLMkMwOVdWa1dyWU1KK0JaL0xScGRUOCtOcmVqMmtHYjZ5VFRjQjdiYUZHYzFuaFN6NGJYbGVPMHQrSlB4T1lxVnIzUTBOTTlSUGFaQXd0TWFCQ1F6Ry81TWhMWmlJOVEiLCJtYWMiOiIwZWU4ZTE1OGNmYmE0MDI1ODNjZjlmZjdjZDk0MmYwZDY1OTM4NjQ2NmMyNWRhMDE5Y2NlZTEyOWFjMzliYjY2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhoTHpuVFQzRG14dVRHWmQwWVJsUnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoielVzeUw4a01MUjdmMUJwY3hMS2tWRGZFK3FFZDZ4V0lLMkMwOVdWa1dyWU1KK0JaL0xScGRUOCt" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "zoTRBkiYnwAb5fuvgvyxmLrJIcZGYQRnR08PsDQ8" "uc_cart_id" => "cf40bec7da8deece8bc1b7306741f447" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/6329" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 15:20:32GET/chapter/6329112198