Helicobacter pylori in Greece: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

This article reviews aspects concerning Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment in Greece. As in most countries H. pylori is the cause of most peptic ulcer disease and a primary risk factor for gastric cancer. Eradication of the organism results in ulcer healing and reduces the risk of ulcer recurrence and complications. Testing and treatment have no clear value in patients with documented nonulcer dyspepsia; however, a strategy of testing and treating is preferred in non-differentiated dyspepsia patients without endoscopy. In the office setting, initial serology testing is practical and affordable, with endoscopy reserved for use in patients with alarm symptoms for ulcer complications, cancer or those who do not respond to treatment. Treatment involves 10- to 14-day multidrug regimens including antibiotics and acid suppressants, combined with education about avoidance of other ulcer-causing factors and close follow-up. Follow-up testing (i.e., urea breath or stool antigen test) is recommended for patients who do not respond to therapy or those with a history of ulcer complications or cancer.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, eradication, Greece, Maastricht IV consensus, peptic ulcer, non-ulcer dyspepsia.