Abstract
Perovskite (Calcium titanium oxide)was discovered in 1839 by Alekseevich
Perovski, a Russian mineralogist. Perovskites are materials with the same structure as
calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3
) mineral or you can say that all the materials with the
same structure as CaTiO3
are perovskites. The basic structure of perovskite is ABX3
,
where the A-site is generally occupied by large twelve coordinated cations and B by
smaller, octahedrally coordinated cations, and X is a common anion, for instance,
Oxygen. A cation is divalent and B is tetravalent cation. Tilting of BO6
octahedra
through B-O-B linkage results in rhombohedral, orthorhombic and tetragonal
structures. The structure of perovskites can be modified by doping and altering
synthesis techniques, such as by changing pH value, calcination temperature, and
calefactive velocity. Perovskite materials have a wide range of applications in different
fields, such as solar cells, photodetectors, sensors, water purification, etc.