Abstract
Secondary metabolites including terpenoids, terpenes and enzyme cofactor
have significant importance in medicinal use. Extraction of plant-based compounds is
quite challenging by conventional methods. Biotechnological methods like genetic
engineering and In Vitro techniques, proteomics, genomics and biochemical pathways
are being employed to serve the purpose. Different organic compounds including
enzymes, recombinant proteins, vaccines, antibiotics and anticancer have been
successfully extracted through the genetic transformation of tomato, rice, corn, soybean
and Nicotiana tabacum. This report describes different biotechnological approaches
with a special focus on tissue culture and genetic transformation methods for the
investigation of medicinal plants and their important role in our economic industry.