Abstract
Self-aggregates microenvironment affords a robust platform for synthesizing
conventional and novel materials in aqueous media. Consequential enhanced the rate of
reaction and reduced the barrier for organic solvents. A solvent is frequently asked to
perform multiple tasks at once, such as ensuring contacts between substrates with
different polarities, controlling heat transmission, and promoting the interaction that
results in the ultimate transformation. Nature has chosen water as a solvent to carry out
all types of chemical transformations, regardless of whether the substrates are soluble
or not. Of course, surfactants resolve the various problems that arise from the
interaction of insoluble substrates and reagents. The use of surfactants under micellar
conditions represents one of the largest methods to achieve catalysis in water. To date,
micellar systems are present in many areas, e.g., medical science, nanoscience,
organochemistry and industries of their vast application.
We explained the role of micelles and vesicles on the reactivity of nucleophiles towards
the cleavage of the organophosphorus compounds. Recent developments includeapplication of micellar catalysis to complex single-phase and multiphase systems in
which the surfactant plays multiple roles and interphase transport effects are often
important. The distribution of the reagents between the aqueous phase and the micellar
phase was described in terms of a simple pseudo-phase model (PPM). These
quantitative treatments for the catalytic action of anionic reactants and the cationic
micelles for cleaving the phosphate and thiophosphate ester improved an understanding
of competitive counterion binding, the effects of reactive and inert solubilizates,
functionalized surfactants, and the use of surfactant aggregates as reaction templates.