Genome Size and Genetic Homogeneity of Regenerated Plants: Methods and Applications

Somatic Embryogenesis and Genetic Homogeneity Assessment in Coffea - Recent Approaches

Author(s): Manoj Kumar Mishra*, Arun Kumar C. Huded and Pavankumar Jingade

Pp: 73-104 (32)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815165555123010007

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Coffee is one of the most preferred beverages consumed by millions of people throughout the world. It is cultivated in more than 80 countries in tropical and subtropical zones of Asia, Africa, and Latin America and provides livelihood to 125 million people worldwide. Among 125 coffee species known so far, only two coffee species, Coffea arabica (arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora (robusta coffee), are commercially cultivated for beverage production. Coffee is a perennial plant and therefore subjected to constant environmental stress. However, during the last few decades, sustainable coffee cultivation has been threatened by unprecedented climate change. This calls for unified efforts, including cutting-edge research and modified management practices. Although conventional breeding efforts have been developed to address some issues, emerging biotechnology research, especially in-vitro propagation technology, could augment the coffee cultivation landscape. Despite the tangible progress made in coffee tissue culture, there were some grey areas, such as the level of somaclonal variation and the genomic changes associated with somatic embryogenesis in coffee, which needs to be addressed imminently. This chapter provides detailed progress on coffee tissue culture and addresses some of the critical issues associated with the genetic homogeneity of tissue culture plants.

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      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59274385 and j.to_ip >=59274385 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834478 and j.to_date >= 1739834478 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20216) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59274385 and j.to_ip >=59274385 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834478 and j.to_date >= 1739834478 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20216) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59274385 and j.to_ip >=59274385 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834478 and j.to_date >= 1739834478 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20216)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3571 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834478 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834478 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3571
      • 3: 1739834478
      • 4: 1739834478
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='995be8e5c641c791841b0138152774b4'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        lknNbqCn9oTJx3gMxWC1QPhlSthQgXWVJRppg98C
        uc_cart_id
        995be8e5c641c791841b0138152774b4
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/20216" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/20216
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:21:18 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhxZGhFVnZVWG0xbFcyc1FxOTg5cWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMXhoMnlLd3FEVzdxUmpQcjlRYmZuUi9oNWdlK0pVNXlOYnBZdVhxdVNjd20rTlJicUZGMVpISUZPbFl5bTBTWm5LQlBhMzRodjJuSlBQc2dCT3NYUjhNS3V6cFAxRjd5TXdYTktMbWpxbFBpUHAxU2tBdSs0WktqTzhaazBFU0UiLCJtYWMiOiJlZWJkZjE3NWUyZWE4MTVmOTY1MTNmN2IxNmMwYzVkZTU0MTk1NmE0MzIxN2U4MzY2NGU0MzQxZjgzMDFmYmVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:21:18 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhxZGhFVnZVWG0xbFcyc1FxOTg5cWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMXhoMnlLd3FEVzdxUmpQcjlRYmZuUi9oNWdlK0pVNXlOYnBZdVhxdVNjd20rTlJicUZGMVpISUZPbFl5bTBTWm5LQlBhM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImhDNUNUUHZnM0RuM3JzemU5dGQ4eVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0FYK3ZROU93SVJXd0luUVJxUlB3cTBqUlQzTlhIVTZyeXlPemNmVjlHbVFsNmZDZys5bHhvMW5nQ0hLVWE1QWVyK2MzZjdXWGJsdXIwa2NkVDVBREF5aDA0S0RXRVB3WXUrU29WenFyRTMzekhBVWdXSWJmaVlMcHhBL21rVkYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMGI1ZjhiZTk3YjI4YWNiZTkzY2I3MGZhYjRjYWYwNjNiMmQ1Nzc3ZTBjNWE4MmZkOTA3NWEzMmE0NTlmMWQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImhDNUNUUHZnM0RuM3JzemU5dGQ4eVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0FYK3ZROU93SVJXd0luUVJxUlB3cTBqUlQzTlhIVTZyeXlPemNmVjlHbVFsNmZDZys5bHhvMW5" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhxZGhFVnZVWG0xbFcyc1FxOTg5cWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMXhoMnlLd3FEVzdxUmpQcjlRYmZuUi9oNWdlK0pVNXlOYnBZdVhxdVNjd20rTlJicUZGMVpISUZPbFl5bTBTWm5LQlBhMzRodjJuSlBQc2dCT3NYUjhNS3V6cFAxRjd5TXdYTktMbWpxbFBpUHAxU2tBdSs0WktqTzhaazBFU0UiLCJtYWMiOiJlZWJkZjE3NWUyZWE4MTVmOTY1MTNmN2IxNmMwYzVkZTU0MTk1NmE0MzIxN2U4MzY2NGU0MzQxZjgzMDFmYmVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:21:18 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjhxZGhFVnZVWG0xbFcyc1FxOTg5cWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMXhoMnlLd3FEVzdxUmpQcjlRYmZuUi9oNWdlK0pVNXlOYnBZdVhxdVNjd20rTlJicUZGMVpISUZPbFl5bTBTWm5LQlBhM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImhDNUNUUHZnM0RuM3JzemU5dGQ4eVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0FYK3ZROU93SVJXd0luUVJxUlB3cTBqUlQzTlhIVTZyeXlPemNmVjlHbVFsNmZDZys5bHhvMW5nQ0hLVWE1QWVyK2MzZjdXWGJsdXIwa2NkVDVBREF5aDA0S0RXRVB3WXUrU29WenFyRTMzekhBVWdXSWJmaVlMcHhBL21rVkYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMGI1ZjhiZTk3YjI4YWNiZTkzY2I3MGZhYjRjYWYwNjNiMmQ1Nzc3ZTBjNWE4MmZkOTA3NWEzMmE0NTlmMWQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImhDNUNUUHZnM0RuM3JzemU5dGQ4eVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0FYK3ZROU93SVJXd0luUVJxUlB3cTBqUlQzTlhIVTZyeXlPemNmVjlHbVFsNmZDZys5bHhvMW5" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "lknNbqCn9oTJx3gMxWC1QPhlSthQgXWVJRppg98C" "uc_cart_id" => "995be8e5c641c791841b0138152774b4" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/20216" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:21:18GET/chapter/20216112192