Abstract
In the search for an effective treatment against myocardial damage caused
by oxidative stress, it has become necessary to generate new therapies that overcome
the difficulties and failures observed in conventional therapies. Therefore,
nanotechnology and nanoparticle development may open new horizons for the control
and therapy of oxidative stress and associated myocardial damage. The term
nanomaterials describe materials with nanoscale dimensions (< 100 nm). In this
chapter, different nanoparticle drug delivery systems, along with their targeting
strategies, and how they can help to improve therapeutic failure in oxidative stress
using nanoparticles in the control of myocardial infarction and oxidative stress will be
discussed. Achieving an inhibition of oxidative stress producers or improving the
endogenous antioxidant capacity through drug delivery by nanoparticles increases the
drug’s aqueous solubility, protects its degradation, allows prolonged release, and
improves the bioavailability, determining a targeted delivery, and decreases the toxic
side effects. It leads to new therapeutic opportunities for both monotherapies and
combined therapies, benefiting from nanoparticles' particularities associated with
increased solubility, bioavailability, and specificity.