Abstract
Endophytes are endosymbionts that live inside the plant without causing any
harm. Endophytes could be a fungi or bacteria but the fungal population is widespread
worldwide. There are huge chances for exploiting those endophytic fungi for the in
vitro production of bioactive secondary metabolites for human welfare. Their
successful laboratory cultivation is emerging as a new source of antimicrobial
compounds. In recent years, more than 300 endophytes have been isolated from
different plant species and successfully cultivated in vitro to synthesize new bioactive
metabolites. This phenomenon reflects the chemical diversity of different natural
compound classes with their incredible bioactivity. But still, the chemistry and nature
of endophytes need to be comprehensively studied. Hence, in this chapter, we have
attempted to discuss different endophytes along with their potential antibacterial
activities.