Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications: Pharmacogenetics Based Correlations and Circulating MicroRNA as Biomarkers

The field of pharmacogenetic is focused on find out the ways in which genetic variance in an individual affects the efficacy and potent action of drugs, moreover, in how many ways genetic variance affects the drugs toxicity has also been a major topic of discussion. Nowadays, pharmacogenomics is clearly focused on the establishing personalized medication and finding and developing new drugs. Many approaches have been identified that can play a major role in promoting the concept of personalized medicine and helping in identifying major genetic variance that can further work as a biomarker and provide major clinical insights. As it has been known, the patients of diabetes have been treated with more than one type of drugs that can be defined as oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) that also plays major role in curing out the diabetes associated complications such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. If major steps should be taken to treat diabetes than only major changes can be made to control it’s associated complications and if any kind of genetic testing will be created than it can work as an predictor tool for the disease. Role of, microRNA (miRNA), which is a class of non-coding RNA, is also known to play a major role incausing chronic inflammation if it gets dysregulated along with that also causing β-cell degeneration, followed by insulin resistance.

Keywords: MicroRNA (miRNA), Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OAD), Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenetic, T2DM.