Abstract
In contrast to the string, the free electromagnetic field has not got an extrinsic length parameter. However, the wave number provides an intrinsic length parameter. Energy quanta, hω, emerge only for the transverse field components, for which a potential energy analogously to that of the harmonic oscillator acts. The analog to the longitudinal field modes is the free particle.
Keywords: Electromagnetic field, Energy quantum, Extrinsic length parameter, Intrinsic length parameter, Longitudinal electromagnetic field, Quantization, Transverse electromagnetic field.
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