Frontiers in Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research

Volume: 6

Liver Regeneration: An update on the Role of Non- Parenchymal Cells

Author(s): Beatriz Arteta, Antonia Alvarez, Joana Marquez, Aitor Benedicto and Enrique Hilario

Pp: 105-127 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681084770117060006

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Many advances have been made during last years in the field of liver regeneration. Current studies underline the importance of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) as one of the sources for constructing bioartificial livers (BAL) and as source of cells for transplantation. However, the liver microenvironment is also formed by nonparenchymal cells (NPCs) that interact with LPCs and parenchymal cells during liver regeneration. Recent advances in liver tissue engineering have shown the importance of NPCs in extracorporeal systems, such as bioreactors for BAL or in several systems of 3D culture in combination with either hepatocytes, hepatoblast or LPCs. A precise knowledge of the functional role and the relationships between the diverse liver cell types is of great importance in the development of a liver organoid. Thus, this review focuses on the role of NPCs during liver regeneration in regard to their relationship with LPCs, and their potential use in 3D and extracorporeal systems in order to improve their efficacy and thus, their potential to be in the clinical setting.


Keywords: 3D co-culture, Bioartificial liver, Bioreactor, Extracellular matrix, Hepatic stellate cells, Hepatic stem cells, Hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, Liver progenitor cells, Liver regeneration, Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, Nonparenchymal cells.

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      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316600437 and j.to_ip >=316600437 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740774200 and j.to_date >= 1740774200 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10609) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316600437 and j.to_ip >=316600437 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740774200 and j.to_date >= 1740774200 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10609) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316600437 and j.to_ip >=316600437 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740774200 and j.to_date >= 1740774200 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10609)
      1.06msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2240 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740774200 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740774200 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      24.35msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2240
      • 3: 1740774200
      • 4: 1740774200
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='4b8e552d6b7c7a0aac262ef80a72d6f5'
      1.88msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:291
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    12Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        MGDYxCLk9TXY5VKf4C1UGO44zLZh59rgBFkXZiSb
        uc_cart_id
        4b8e552d6b7c7a0aac262ef80a72d6f5
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10609" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/10609
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
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        response_headers
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        array:5 [ "_token" => "MGDYxCLk9TXY5VKf4C1UGO44zLZh59rgBFkXZiSb" "uc_cart_id" => "4b8e552d6b7c7a0aac262ef80a72d6f5" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10609" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-28 20:23:20GET/chapter/106091121914