Generic placeholder image

Current Molecular Medicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1566-5240
ISSN (Online): 1875-5666

Review Article

Human Papillomavirus Genome based Detection and Typing: A Holistic Molecular Approach

Author(s): Abhilasha Gautam, Mallikarjuna R. Gedda, Madhukar Rai, Shyam Sundar and Jaya Chakravarty*

Volume 19, Issue 4, 2019

Page: [237 - 246] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190405120441

Price: $65

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a species specific double-stranded DNA virus infecting human cutaneous or mucosal tissues. The genome structure of HPV is extremely polymorphic hence making it difficult to discriminate between them. HPV exhibits numerous dissimilar types that can be subdivided into high-risk (HR), probably high-risk and low-risk (LR), causing numerous types of cancers and warts around the genital organs in humans. Several screening methods are performed in order to detect cytological abnormalities and presence or absence of HPV genome. Currently available commercial kits and methods are designed to detect only a few HR/LR-HPV types, which are expensive adding to the economic burden of the affected individual and are not freely available. These gaps could be minimized through Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) method, which is a gold standard and a cost-effective technique for the detection of most HPV (both known and unknown) types by using specific consensus primers in minimal lab setup. In this context, numerous studies have validated the effectiveness of different sets of consensus primers in the screening of HPVs. Numerous consensus primers, such as E6, E6/E7, GP-E6/E7, MY09/11, GP5+/GP6+, SPF10, and PGMY09/11 have been developed to detect the presence of HPV DNA. In addition, HPV detection sensitivity could be achieved through consensus primer sets targeting specific ORF regions like L1 and E6, which may finally assist in better diagnosis of several unknown HR-HPVs. The present review, provides a summary of the available methods, kits and consensus primer sets for HPV genome based detection, their advantages and limitations along with future goals to be set for HPV detection.

Keywords: Cancer, consensus primers, HPV, Open Reading Frame, PCR, Holistic molecular approche.

Next »
[1]
Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagué M, Ferrer E, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: Meta-analysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. J Infect Dis 2010; 202(12): 1789-99.
[2]
Malik H, Khan FH, Ahsan H. Human papillomavirus: Current status and issues of vaccination. Arch Virol 2014; 159(2): 199-205.
[3]
Parkin DM. The global health burden of infection‐associated cancers in the year 2002. Int J Cancer 2006; 118(12): 3030-44.
[4]
De Villiers E-M, Fauquet C, Broker TR, Bernard H-U, zur Hausen H. Classification of papillomaviruses. Virology 2004; 324(1): 17-27.
[5]
Valentino K, Poronsky CB. Human papillomavirus infection and vaccination. J Pediatr Nurs: Nursing Care of Children and Families 2016; 31(2): e155-66.
[6]
Chelimo C, Wouldes TA, Cameron LD, Elwood JM. Risk factors for and prevention of Human Papillomaviruses (HPV), genital warts and cervical cancer. J Infect 2013; 66(3): 207-17.
[7]
Control CfD. Prevention. Human papillomavirus-associated Cancers-United States, 2004-2008. MMWR Morbidity and mortality weekly report 2012; 61: 258.
[8]
Parkin DM, Bray F. The burden of HPV-related cancers. Vaccine 2006; 24: S11-25.
[9]
Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Res Oncol 2011; 29(32): 4294.
[10]
Gillison ML, Chaturvedi AK, Lowy DR. HPV prophylactic vaccines and the potential prevention of noncervical cancers in both men and women. Cancer 2008; 113(S10): 3036-46.
[11]
Münger K, Baldwin A, Edwards KM, et al. Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis. Br J Virol 2004; 78(21): 11451-60.
[12]
De Villiers E-M. Heterogeneity of the human papillomavirus group. Br J Virol 1989; 63(11): 4898.
[13]
Humans IWGotEoCRt. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Ingested nitrate and nitrite, and cyanobacterial peptide toxins. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 2010; 94: v.
[14]
Gill SS, Jana A, Shrivastav A, Sharma S, Sharma A. The carcinogenic potential of e6 & e7 genes of high-risk hpv compared with e6, e7 genes of low-risk hpv in human cervical cancer: A review. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2014; 5(3): 703.
[15]
Arney A, Bennett KM. Molecular diagnostics of human papillomavirus. Lab Med 2010; 41(9): 523-30.
[16]
PAHO. Summary of commercially available HPV tests Integrating HPV Testing in Cervical Cancer Screening Programs: A manual for program managers 2016; p. 9-16.
[17]
Sandri MT, Lentati P, Benini E, et al. Comparison of the digene HC2 assay and the roche AMPLICOR human papillomavirus (HPV) test for detection of high-risk HPV genotypes in cervical samples. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44(6): 2141-6.
[18]
Steinau M, Onyekwuluje JM, Scarbrough MZ, Unger ER, Dillner J, Zhou T. Performance of commercial reverse line blot assays for human papillomavirus genotyping. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50(5): 1539-44.
[19]
Schmitt M, Bravo I, Snijders PJ, Gissmann L, Pawlita M, Waterboer T. Bead-based multiplex genotyping of human papillomaviruses. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44(2): 504-12.
[20]
Ngou J, Magooa MP, Gilham C, et al. Comparison of care HPV and hybrid capture 2 assays for detection of high-risk human Papillomavirus DNA in cervical samples from HIV-1-infected African women. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51(12): 4240-2.
[21]
Militello V, Lavezzo E, Costanzi G, et al. Accurate human papillomavirus genotyping by 454 pyrosequencing. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19(10)
[22]
van Hamont D, van Ham MA, Bakkers JM, Massuger LF, Melchers WJ. Evaluation of the SPF10-INNO LiPA human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping test and the roche linear array HPV genotyping test. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44(9): 3122-9.
[23]
Meiring TL, Salimo AT, Coetzee B, et al. Next-generation sequencing of cervical DNA detects human papillomavirus types not detected by commercial kits. Virol J 2012; 9(1): 164.
[24]
Villa LL, Denny L. Methods for detection of HPV infection and its clinical utility. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2006; 94(S1)
[25]
Brandstetter T, Böhmer S, Prucker O, et al. A polymer-based DNA biochip platform for human papilloma virus genotyping. J Virol Methods 2010; 163(1): 40-8.
[26]
Hubbard RA. Human papillomavirus testing methods. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2003; 127(8): 940-5.
[27]
Roberts I, Ng G, Foster N, et al. Critical evaluation of HPV16 gene copy number quantification by SYBR green PCR. BMC Biotechnol 2008; 8(1): 57.
[28]
Kocjan BJ, Seme K, Poljak M. Comparison of the abbott real time high risk HPV test and INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping extra test for the detection of human papillomaviruses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical cancer specimens. J Virol Methods 2011; 175(1): 117-9.
[29]
Coser J. Boeira TdR, Fonseca ASK, Ikuta N, Lunge VR. Human papillomavirus detection and typing using a nested-PCR-RFLP assay. Braz J Infect Dis 2011; 15(5): 467-72.
[30]
Nogara PR, Gimenes F, Consolaro ME. Distribution of HPV genotypes and HPV-16 and HPV-18 E2 gene disruption in south brazilian women with cervical abnormalities. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012; 117(3): 289-90.
[31]
Coutlée F, Mayrand M-H, Provencher D, Franco E. The future of HPV testing in clinical laboratories and applied virology research. Clin Diagn Virol 1997; 8(2): 123-41.
[32]
Gravitt P, Manos M. Polymerase chain reaction-based methods for the detection of human papillomavirus DNA. IARC scientific publications 1992; (119): 121-33.
[33]
Coutlée F, Gravitt P, Kornegay J, et al. Use of PGMY primers in L1 consensus PCR improves detection of human papillomavirus DNA in genital samples. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40(3): 902-7.
[34]
Gravitt P, Peyton C, Alessi T, et al. Improved amplification of genital human papillomaviruses. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38(1): 357-61.
[35]
Karlsen F, Kalantari M, Jenkins A, et al. Use of multiple PCR primer sets for optimal detection of human papillomavirus. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34(9): 2095-100.
[36]
de Roda Husman A-M, Walboomers JM, van den Brule AJ, Meijer CJ, Snijders PJ. The use of general primers GP5 and GP6 elongated at their 3′ ends with adjacent highly conserved sequences improves human papillomavirus detection by PCR. J Gen Virol 1995; 76(4): 1057-62.
[37]
Barzon L, Militello V, Lavezzo E, et al. Human papillomavirus genotyping by 454 next generation sequencing technology. J Clin Virol 2011; 52(2): 93-7.
[38]
Kleter B, van Doorn L-J, ter Schegget J, et al. Novel short-fragment PCR assay for highly sensitive broad-spectrum detection of anogenital human papillomaviruses. Am J Pathol 1998; 153(6): 1731-9.
[39]
Harnish D, Belland L, Scheid E, Rohan T. Evaluation of human papillomavirus-consensus primers for HPV detection by the polymerase chain reaction. Mol Cell Probes 1999; 13(1): 9-21.
[40]
Coutlée F, Rouleau D, Ferenczy A, Franco E. The laboratory diagnosis of genital human papillomavirus infections. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2005; 16(2): 83-91.
[41]
Venceslau EM, Bezerra MM, Lopes ACM, et al. HPV detection using primers MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ in patients with cytologic and/or colposcopic changes. J Bras Patol Med Lab 2014; 50(4): 280-5.
[42]
Hiller T, Iftner T. 1 The human papillomavirus. HPV HANDBOOK 2006; p. 11.
[43]
Manos M, Ting Y, Wright D, Lewis A, Broker T, Wolinsky S. Cancer cells 7: Molecular diagnostics of human cancer. Cold spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 1989.
[44]
Bernard H-U, Chan S-Y, Manos MM, et al. Identification and assessment of known and novel human papillomaviruses by polymerase chain reaction amplification, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, nucleotide sequence, and phylogenetic algorithms. J Infect Dis 1994; 170(5): 1077-85.
[45]
Munoz N, Bosch FX, Castellsagué X, et al. Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? The international perspective. Int J Cancer 2004; 111(2): 278-85.
[46]
Depuydt C, Boulet G, Horvath CA, Benoy I, Vereecken A, Bogers J. Comparison of MY09/11 consensus PCR and type‐specific PCRs in the detection of oncogenic HPV types. J Cell Mol Med 2007; 11(4): 881-91.
[47]
Haws ALF, He Q, Rady PL, et al. Nested PCR with the PGMY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primer sets improve detection of HPV DNA in cervical samples. J Virol Methods 2004; 122(1): 87-93.
[48]
Gravitt PE, Coutlée F, Iftner T, Sellors JW, Quint WG, Wheeler CM. New technologies in cervical cancer screening. Vaccine 2008; 26: K42-52.
[49]
Chaiwongkot A, Pientong C, Ekalaksananan T, et al. Evaluation of primers and PCR performance on HPV DNA screening in normal and low grade abnormal cervical cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2007; 8(2): 279.
[50]
Chan PK, Cheung TH, Tam AO, et al. Biases in human papillomavirus genotype prevalence assessment associatedwith commonly used consensus primers. Int J Cancer 2006; 118(1): 243-5.
[51]
Jeronimo J, Wentzensen N, Long R, et al. Evaluation of linear array human papillomavirus genotyping using automatic optical imaging software. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46(8): 2759-65.
[52]
Remmerbach TW, Brinckmann UG, Hemprich A, Chekol M, Kühndel K, Liebert UG. PCR detection of human papillomavirus of the mucosa: Comparison between MY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primer sets. J Clin Virol 2004; 30(4): 302-8.
[53]
Söderlund-Strand A, Carlson J, Dillner J. Modified general primer PCR system for sensitive detection of multiple types of oncogenic human papillomavirus. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47(3): 541-6.
[54]
Garnica Joven YF. Utilidad de la PCR para la detección del virus del papiloma humano en pacientes con citología ASCUS: Facultad de Ciencias; 2011.
[55]
Quint W, Scholte G, Van Doorn L, Kleter B, Smits P, Lindeman J. Comparative analysis of human papillomavirus infections in cervical scrapes and biopsy specimens by general SPF10 PCR and HPV genotyping. J Pathol 2001; 194(1): 51-8.
[56]
Perrons C, Kleter B, Jelley R, Jalal H, Quint W, Tedder R. Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus DNA by SPF10 and MY09/11 primers in cervical cells taken from women attending a colposcopy clinic. J Med Virol 2002; 67(2): 246-52.
[57]
Forslund O, Antonsson A, Nordin P, Stenquist B, Hansson BG. A broad range of human papillomavirus types detected with a general PCR method suitable for analysis of cutaneous tumours and normal skin. J Gen Virol 1999; 80(9): 2437-43.
[58]
Berkhout R, Tieben LM, Smits HL, Bavinck J, Vermeer BJ, Ter Schegget J. Nested PCR approach for detection and typing of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated human papillomavirus types in cutaneous cancers from renal transplant recipients. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33(3): 690-5.
[59]
Chouhy D, Gorosito M, Sánchez A, et al. New generic primer system targeting mucosal/genital and cutaneous human papillomaviruses leads to the characterization of HPV 115, a novel beta-papillomavirus species 3. Virology 2010; 397(1): 205-16.
[60]
Zur Hausen H. Papillomaviruses and cancer: From basic studies to clinical application. Nat Rev Cancer 2002; 2(5): 342.
[61]
Morris BJ. Cervical human papillomavirus screening by PCR: Advantages of targeting the E6/E7 region. Clin Chem Lab Med (CCLM) 2005; 43(11): 1171-7.
[62]
Hwang T. Detection and typing of human papillomavirus DNA by PCR using consensus primers in various cervical lesions of Korean women. J Korean Med Sci 1999; 14(6): 593-9.
[63]
Moody CA, Laimins LA. Human papillomavirus oncoproteins: Pathways to transformation. Nat Rev Cancer 2010; 10(8): 550.
[64]
Sotlar K, Stubner A, Diemer D, et al. Detection of high‐risk human papillomavirus E6 and E7 oncogene transcripts in cervical scrapes by nested RT‐polymerase chain reaction. J Med Virol 2004; 74(1): 107-16.
[65]
Gregoire L, Arella M, Campione-Piccardo J, Lancaster WD. Amplification of human papillomavirus DNA sequences by using conserved primers. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27(12): 2660-5.
[66]
Hausen Hz. Papillomaviruses causing cancer: Evasion from host-cell control in early events in carcinogenesis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(9): 690-8.
[67]
McNicol PJ, Dodd JG. High prevalence of human papillomavirus in prostate tissues. J Urol 1991; 145(4): 850-3.
[68]
Neves D, Camara GN, Alencar TR, Da Cruz MR, Martins CR, Carvalho LG. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in penile carcinoma. Braz J Urol 2002; 28(3): 221-6.
[69]
Sarkar FH, Sakr WA, Li YW, Sreepathi P, Crissman JD. Detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in human prostatic tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Prostate 1993; 22(2): 171-80.
[70]
Sotlar K, Diemer D, Dethleffs A, et al. Detection and typing of human papillomavirus by e6 nested multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42(7): 3176-84.
[71]
Clifford G, Smith J, Plummer M, Munoz N, Franceschi S. Human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer worldwide: A meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2003; 88(1): 63.
[72]
Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol 1999; 189(1): 12-9.
[73]
Yang H, Cervista H. Chengquan Zhao, MD. CAP Today 2012.
[74]
Resnick RM, Cornelissen MT, Wright DK, Eichinger GH, Fox HS, Schegget Jt, et al. Detection and typing of human papillomavirus in archival cervical cancer specimens by DNA amplification with consensus primers. JNCI: J Natl Cancer Inst 1990; 82(18): 1477-84.
[75]
Didelot MN, Boulle N, Damay A, Costes V, Segondy M. Comparison of the PapilloCheck® assay with the digene HC2 HPV DNA assay for the detection of 13 high‐risk human papillomaviruses in cervical and anal scrapes. J Med Virol 2011; 83(8): 1377-82.
[76]
Peto J, Gilham C, Fletcher O, Matthews FE. The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK. The Lancet 2004; 364(9430): 249-56.
[77]
Entiauspe L, Nunes E, Collares T, Seixas F. Comparison between two methods for molecular characterization of human papillomavirus. J Sex Transm Dis 2013; 25(1): 13-5.
[78]
Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU, Senger CA, Durbin S, Weyrich MS. Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force Jama 2018; 320(7): 687-705.
[79]
Erhart SMM, Rivero ERC, Bazzo ML, Onofre ASC. Comparative evaluation of the GP5+/6+, MY09/11 and PGMY09/11 primer sets for HPV detection by PCR in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100(1): 13-6.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version263msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[22:01:45] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[22:01:45] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[22:01:45] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (108ms)time
  • Application (155ms)time
  • 1 x Application (59.05%)
    155ms
    1 x Booting (40.95%)
    108ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    36 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 32 unique. Show only duplicated84.65ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314520269','',1,1740348105,1740348105) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740348105
      930μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314520269','/article/97820',1,1740348105,1740348105)
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314520269 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314520269) limit 1
      11.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 314520269
      • 1: 314520269
      • 2: 314520269
      • 3: 314520269
      • 4: 314520269
      • 5: 314520269
      • 6: 314520269
      • 7: 314520269
      • 8: 314520269
      • 9: 314520269
      • 10: 314520269
      • 11: 314520269
      • 12: 314520269
      • 13: 314520269
      • 14: 314520269
      • 15: 314520269
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=97820
      630μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 23 limit 1
      770μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 23
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and sj.journal_id!=23 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      900μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and sj.journal_id!=23 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      750μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      2.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      2.33msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '97820'
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 97820
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '97820'
      1.79msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 97820
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '97820' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      690μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 97820
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 23 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      24.99msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 23 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      12.79msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 23 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      9.31msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 97820 limit 1
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 97820
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 97820 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 171324 limit 1
      170μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 171324
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CMM' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CMM
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '97820' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '9091' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2575' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2575) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2575) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2575)
      5.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9091) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9091) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9091)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97820) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97820) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314520269 and j.to_ip >=314520269 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740348105 and j.to_date >= 1740348105 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97820)
      540μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '237' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9091 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 237
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '246' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9091 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 246
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      170μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 97820 limit 1
      1.5msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 97820
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 23 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740348105 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740348105 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 23
      • 3: 1740348105
      • 4: 1740348105
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 23 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740348105 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740348105 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.12msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 23
      • 3: 1740348105
      • 4: 1740348105
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cd3f2ec52798a7d361f5db1cf542aadd'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    1MultiLangArticle.php#?
        _token
        lYL8yDAuICCG9YH5Wxjvs6d8cPR921wSz7yKjbtk
        uc_cart_id
        cd3f2ec52798a7d361f5db1cf542aadd
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/97820" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/97820
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjJiZ29SdS9lay8zRTUxdFlrbnZFRXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiejRaRGtrTWVUUXJCYWNsemdXVmFuT014Wi8xOG8zY25pcXdNV0xCRWxTdz0iLCJtYWMiOiJhOTA3YzA0MDY1NjljZGIwNDg3MzIxMGE1YjdmNWRkM2M2YzJjZDUxODEwMDkxNTQzMTFhYjVjZjI3NDRiMTQ0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjJiZ29SdS9lay8zRTUxdFlrbnZFRXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiejRaRGtrTWVUUXJCYWNsemdXVmFuT014Wi8xOG8zY25pcXdNV0xCRWxTdz0iLCJtYWMiOiJhOTA3YzA0MDY1Njlj" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 22:01:45 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImhhOGpHYU43NGl5QlMydXM5cHpUa3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ3lZYU5HME5TWGo5QUgwMFNEeXVmcnhMZVZxY2hlb1ZLYlg4UUhGK3dYUjdsVW93L3NhNlBpM3FjWmdKWE16RUY1VENRY0FrT2s5U0orelBwYWZaVXo2WERXMjZ6dXdvaTE4Y2FHZE9kUDkzaTErb1FJOE1yYVREcE1sT3Z2Z0siLCJtYWMiOiIyZjIyOGQzMzMyOGYzODI0Yjk3ZWQyZjk2NDQxZmJlNDlhN2U1YjA4MDgxN2ZjYjJhNWZiMGEyOWRlYjJkZTJiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 10:01:45 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImhhOGpHYU43NGl5QlMydXM5cHpUa3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ3lZYU5HME5TWGo5QUgwMFNEeXVmcnhMZVZxY2hlb1ZLYlg4UUhGK3dYUjdsVW93L3NhNlBpM3FjWmdKWE16RUY1VENRY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImcwYXdJUTRaT0lEY2ErUzRBcFY5ZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYUhiREFNVEdtbWdoUUh0c3ZZRGh6ZGxQckxJNVptcG5UaitDcWp5M2J4YkZSQlhUOGJmcG8yWDAzbjIrVUR3UjY5d09vS1FvQlFTSzdlWS9lZXluN1NiWVFnbms2SGtmNTl1WnVvaXg5M2hHeFBtcjNYY0s5WDQyZVZLNmJ4TUsiLCJtYWMiOiIwNDRjZjdlMTYyYjAxY2E5NmE2YTYyMTUwYmY4NTY4YzhlYjIyNmJmYTgxYjA0ZDI5MGMwZWVhZDQ4YjJkMzVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImcwYXdJUTRaT0lEY2ErUzRBcFY5ZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYUhiREFNVEdtbWdoUUh0c3ZZRGh6ZGxQckxJNVptcG5UaitDcWp5M2J4YkZSQlhUOGJmcG8yWDA" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImhhOGpHYU43NGl5QlMydXM5cHpUa3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ3lZYU5HME5TWGo5QUgwMFNEeXVmcnhMZVZxY2hlb1ZLYlg4UUhGK3dYUjdsVW93L3NhNlBpM3FjWmdKWE16RUY1VENRY0FrT2s5U0orelBwYWZaVXo2WERXMjZ6dXdvaTE4Y2FHZE9kUDkzaTErb1FJOE1yYVREcE1sT3Z2Z0siLCJtYWMiOiIyZjIyOGQzMzMyOGYzODI0Yjk3ZWQyZjk2NDQxZmJlNDlhN2U1YjA4MDgxN2ZjYjJhNWZiMGEyOWRlYjJkZTJiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 10:01:45 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImhhOGpHYU43NGl5QlMydXM5cHpUa3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ3lZYU5HME5TWGo5QUgwMFNEeXVmcnhMZVZxY2hlb1ZLYlg4UUhGK3dYUjdsVW93L3NhNlBpM3FjWmdKWE16RUY1VENRY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImcwYXdJUTRaT0lEY2ErUzRBcFY5ZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYUhiREFNVEdtbWdoUUh0c3ZZRGh6ZGxQckxJNVptcG5UaitDcWp5M2J4YkZSQlhUOGJmcG8yWDAzbjIrVUR3UjY5d09vS1FvQlFTSzdlWS9lZXluN1NiWVFnbms2SGtmNTl1WnVvaXg5M2hHeFBtcjNYY0s5WDQyZVZLNmJ4TUsiLCJtYWMiOiIwNDRjZjdlMTYyYjAxY2E5NmE2YTYyMTUwYmY4NTY4YzhlYjIyNmJmYTgxYjA0ZDI5MGMwZWVhZDQ4YjJkMzVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImcwYXdJUTRaT0lEY2ErUzRBcFY5ZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYUhiREFNVEdtbWdoUUh0c3ZZRGh6ZGxQckxJNVptcG5UaitDcWp5M2J4YkZSQlhUOGJmcG8yWDA" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "lYL8yDAuICCG9YH5Wxjvs6d8cPR921wSz7yKjbtk" "uc_cart_id" => "cd3f2ec52798a7d361f5db1cf542aadd" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/97820" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-23 22:01:45GET/article/97820314362