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Current Molecular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1874-4672
ISSN (Online): 1874-4702

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Research Article

Mesalazine Activates Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase: Implication in the Anti-inflammatory Activity of this Anti-colitic Drug

Author(s): Heejung Park, Wooseong Kim, Dayoon Kim, Seongkeun Jeong and Yunjin Jung*

Volume 12, Issue 4, 2019

Page: [272 - 280] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190308103448

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: Mesalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is an anti-inflammatory drug that is most widely used for the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Despite extensive clinical use, the exact pharmacological mechanism underlying the anti-colitic effects of 5-ASA has not yet been elucidated. A potential molecular mechanism underlying 5-ASA-mediated anti-colitic activity was investigated.

Methods: An anti-inflammatory pharmacology of 5-ASA was scrutinized in human colon carcinoma cells and murine macrophages and in a TNBS-induced rat colitis model.

Results: 5-ASA induced phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its substrate acetyl-CoA carboxylase in cells. 5-ASA activation of AMPK occurred regardless of the presence of the pro-inflammatory mediators, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide. 5-ASA inhibits TNF-α-dependent Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) activation, which was dampened by AMPK inhibition. Oral gavage of sulfasalazine (a colon-specific prodrug of 5- ASA) or rectal administration of 5-ASA ameliorated 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)- induced rat colitis and activated AMPK in the inflamed colonic tissues while markedly diminishing the levels of NF-κB-regulated pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-3, elevated by the induction of inflammation. Rectal co-administration of 5-ASA and an AMPK inhibitor undermined 5-ASA-mediated activation of AMPK and its anti-colitic effects.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the activation of AMPK is involved in 5-ASA-mediated anticolitic effects at least partly via interference with pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling.

Keywords: 5-Aminosalicylic acid, AMP-activated protein kinase, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, nuclear factor-kappaB, mesalazine.

Graphical Abstract

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