摘要
背景：阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种多因素神经退行性疾病，最终导致严重的认知障碍。虽然AD的确切病因仍然难以捉摸，但越来越多的证据表明小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症级联反应与AD有关。 Piper sarmentosum Roxb。 （PS）是据报道具有各种生物学特性的药用植物，包括抗炎，抗精神病和抗氧化活性。然而，尽管它们用于治疗炎症介导的疾病，但对PS根的抗炎活性知之甚少。 目的：本研究旨在评估从PS根部获得的提取物的抗炎和神经保护特性，以抵抗β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）诱导的与促炎介质产生相关的小胶质细胞毒性。 方法：在用Aβ活化之前，用己烷（RHXN），二氯甲烷（RDCM），乙酸乙酯（REA）和甲醇（RMEOH）提取物处理BV2小胶质细胞。分别通过Griess试剂，ELISA试剂盒和RT-qPCR评估促炎介质的产生和mRNA表达。通过蛋白质印迹试验测定p38αMAPK的磷酸化状态。 BV2条件培养基用于治疗SH-SY5Y成神经细胞瘤细胞，并使用MTT测定评估神经保护作用。 结果：PS根提取物，特别是RMEOH显着减弱Aβ诱导的BV2小胶质细胞中IL-1β，IL-6和TNF-α的产生和mRNA表达。此外，RHXN，REA和RMEOH提取物显着降低一氧化氮（NO）水平，并且NO产生的抑制与提取物的总酚含量相关。进一步的机理研究表明PS根提取物通过调节小胶质细胞中p38αMAPK的磷酸化来减弱细胞因子的产生。重要的是，PS根提取物通过抑制BV2细胞中NO，IL-1β，IL-6和TNF-α的产生或通过保护SHSY5Y细胞免于这些炎症介质而对Aβ诱导的间接神经毒性具有保护作用。 结论：这些发现提供了PS根提取物赋予针对Aβ诱导的小胶质细胞毒性的神经保护作用的证据，所述神经保护作用与促炎介质的产生相关，并且可能是炎症相关神经病症（包括阿尔茨海默病（AD））的潜在治疗剂。
关键词: Piper sarmentosum，阿尔茨海默病，炎症，小胶质细胞，神经保护，细胞因子。
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