摘要
聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）作为非病毒基因递送载体是众所周知的，特别是对于寡核苷酸递送。然而，由于其高阳离子电荷，缺乏特异性以及与生物体液中的蛋白质和非靶细胞的相互作用，其临床应用受到显着限制，导致寡核苷酸转运的高细胞毒性，稳定性差和低转染效率。已经表明，PEI的分子量（MW），支化度，N / P比，缓冲能力，寡核苷酸结构，培养基pH，血清，是否存在和制备方法在细胞毒性方面产生显着差异。基于PEI的寡核苷酸递送系统的稳定性和转染效率。已经研究了PEI的配体，疏水性，亲水性和两亲性修饰以降低细胞毒性并改善稳定性，转染效率和治疗效果。此外，PEI的各种智能修饰，例如pH响应（腙键）和氧化还原敏感的接头（二硫键）可以控制寡核苷酸的释放并且引起了很多关注。通常，通过引入对PEI的修饰和通过优化PEI或基于PEI的制剂的参数，可以实现更有效的寡核苷酸递送。
关键词: 聚乙烯亚胺，寡核苷酸递送，药物，靶向，PEG修饰，pH敏感性接头，寡核苷酸递送载体。
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