摘要
氢门控(质子)电流广泛存在于脑感觉神经系统中，各种研究鉴定了离子通道的结构单元，并破译了离子通道的生理和病理功能。正常神经元需要一个最适的pH来实现其功能。酸中毒时，酸敏离子通道(ASICs)在中枢神经系统(CNS)和外周神经系统(PNS)均被激活。Asics与简并素通道(DEGS)、上皮性钠离子通道(ENaCs)和FMRF-酰胺(PHE-Met-Arg-PHE-NH2)门控通道(FaNaC)有关.它的激活在生理上导致疼痛知觉、突触可塑性、学习记忆、恐惧、缺血神经元损伤、癫痫发作终止、神经元变性和机械感觉。它检测细胞外环境中的酸波动水平，并通过提高膜去极化率来响应酸性pH。它在质子化时将Na(钠)和Ca2+(钙)等阳离子穿过膜。ASIC亚型具有不同的生物物理性质和pH敏感性。ASIC 1亚型与多种中枢神经系统疾病有关，因此，对其功能特性的研究对药物设计方法具有指导意义。综述了cASIC 1(鸡ASIC 1)晶体结构、对生理环境的影响以及现有抑制剂的局限性。此外，它还详细介绍了可用于设计抗hASIC 1抑制剂(HumanASIC 1)的突变数据。
关键词: 酸敏离子通道，人ASIC 1，hASIC 1抑制剂，hASIC 1突变，H门控(质子)，中枢神经系统疾病。
图形摘要
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