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Review Article

改良低密度脂蛋白免疫复合物与心血管疾病

卷 26, 期 9, 2019

页: [1680 - 1692] 页: 13

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180524114429

价格: $65

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摘要

经修饰的低密度脂蛋白，无论是在有机体中自发形成还是在实验室制备，都具有免疫原性。因此，体内形成的抗原-抗体复合物（免疫复合物，IC）可以在外周血中测量，它们的水平是心血管疾病（CVD）的强预测因子。 已经有可能产生识别不同LDL修饰的抗体，从而分析循环IC结构。临床研究表明，IC的抗原构成对CVD的发展具有调节作用。IC与铜氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxldl）抗体反应强烈的患者显示动脉粥样硬化的进展，表现为内膜-中膜厚度增加和冠状动脉钙化评分增加。相比之下，IC与体外制备的严重氧化丙二醛低密度脂蛋白（mda-ldl）抗体发生强烈反应的患者有很高的急性血管事件风险，主要是心肌梗死。体外研究表明，虽然Oxldl-IC同时诱导细胞增殖和轻度到中度巨噬细胞凋亡，但MDA-LDL-IC却诱导更显著的巨噬细胞凋亡，而不是细胞增殖。此外，丙二醛-低密度脂蛋白IC比氧低密度脂蛋白IC诱导更高水平的基质金属蛋白酶和肿瘤坏死因子的释放。高水平的肿瘤坏死因子可能是导致细胞凋亡的主要因素，高水平的金属蛋白酶可能在粥样斑块纤维帽变薄中起作用。细胞凋亡和纤维帽变薄的结合是易损斑块的一个众所周知的特征，易损斑块更容易破裂并导致大多数急性心血管事件。

关键词: 改良的低密度脂蛋白，低密度脂蛋白免疫复合物，丙二醛低密度脂蛋白，凋亡，血管炎症，不稳定斑块，氧低密度脂蛋白

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