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Review Article

原生动物寄生虫糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚定：药物发现的结构，功能和趋势

卷 26, 期 23, 2019

页: [4301 - 4322] 页: 22

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170727110801

价格: $65

摘要

背景：糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）锚是位于所有真核生物细胞膜上的分子。 GPI锚定的蛋白质，酶和其他大分子是细胞之间相互作用的必要元素，与高级真核生物相比，原生动物寄生虫广泛使用它们。 方法：收集了一百多份参考资料，以获取有关哺乳动物和原生动物寄生虫的GPI结构，生物合成途径，功能以及将这些分子用作对抗寄生虫疾病的药物靶标的广泛信息。 比较并强调了物种之间GPI之间的差异。 根据文献报道，讨论了针对原生动物GPI锚的药物发现和开发策略。 结果：有许多证据表明GPI锚对于寄生虫的生存以及与宿主细胞的相互作用至关重要。 尽管所有GPI锚均包含保守的聚糖核心，但它们在生物体之间的结构特征和生物合成途径方面仍存在差异，可以提供足够的选择性以验证GPI锚为药物靶标。 讨论的焦点集中在以下寄生虫：锥虫锥虫，克鲁斯锥虫，利什曼原虫，恶性疟原虫和弓形虫，热带被忽视疾病的致病菌。 结论：本篇文章讨论了寄生和哺乳动物GPI锚生物合成和结构之间的主要差异，以及基于GPI锚的新型抗寄生虫疗法的战略开发线索。

关键词: 糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI），磷脂酰肌醇，原生动物，脂肽磷酸聚糖（LPPG），药物发现，免疫疗法。

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