摘要
背景：由于无毒，丰富和生物降解性，近来越来越多的注意力集中在探索半纤维素作为生产液体燃料和其他增值化学品和材料在不同领域的潜在基质上。本综述旨在总结目前关于天然半纤维素及其衍生产品（包括其降解产物，其新衍生物和基于半纤维素的医用生物降解材料）在医学和制药领域的应用，特别是用于免疫调节，抑制细菌，药物释放，抗龋，支架材料和抗肿瘤。 方法：我们搜索了有关半纤维素及其衍生物产品的医药应用的相关论文，并总结了它们的制备方法，性质和使用效果。 结果：本次审查纳入了252篇论文。 47篇论文介绍了自然半纤维素免疫调节的提取和应用，如木聚糖，甘露聚糖，木葡聚糖（XG）和β-葡聚糖。七十七篇论文提到了半纤维素降解产物的制备和应用，用于调节肠道功能，维持血糖水平，增强免疫力，缓解人体疲劳等领域，如低聚木糖，木糖醇，木糖，阿拉伯糖等。半纤维素衍生物的制备是在32篇论文中描述了如半纤维素酯，半纤维素醚及其对抗凝血剂的作用，肌酸酐的吸附，免疫细胞的添加和有害细菌的抑制。最后，使用五十五篇论文介绍了用于药物释放，细胞固定，癌症治疗和伤口敷料领域的基于半纤维素的材料（例如水凝胶和膜）的制备。 结论：半纤维素类产品的结构对免疫力的性质和使用效果有显着影响，可治疗人体各种疾病。然而，应该做出一些努力来探索和改善基于半纤维素的产品的性质并设计新材料以拓宽半纤维素应用。
关键词: 植物生物质，半纤维素，半纤维素衍生产品，改性，药物和医学应用，β-葡聚糖。
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