摘要
目的：年龄相关的认知障碍和神经退行性疾病的患病率有助于降低受影响个体及其家庭的生活质量，同时也需要相当的社会责任。睡眠能有效支持大脑整体活动，有助于身心健康。因此，睡眠是加速促进健康的认知老化的一个有吸引力的目标。本研究的目的是为了描述有不同程度的认知功能障碍中老年人的认知能力和睡眠行为的特征。 方法：在各种遗忘型轻度认知损害域（aMCI）的认知能力个体中，中度AD患者和认知健康的成年人需要进行简易精神状态检查和五个电脑测试评估（cantabeclipse™）。排除混合诊断，合并症（精神、神经、睡眠障碍），抗痴呆的药物，制度化的学科的影响是有必要的，并且需要在参与者的家里进行研究以减少混杂因素。由参与者和照顾者完成的木星睡眠问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数睡眠曲线评估。参与者用手腕上佩戴的活动变化记录仪和半标准化的日记的睡眠唤醒活动监测三个星期。根据诊断类别进行分组，然后将睡眠数据与认知表现相关联。 结果：轻度认知障碍体现在个人领域的口头和视觉空间记忆而不是注意能力或情节记忆。与那些认知健康对照组相比，所有睡眠质量的自我报告和客观指标及amcis的睡眠质量均在正常范围内。中度AD患者在所有的认知测试中得分都显著降低，静息活动幅度较低，夜间睡眠时间明显延长，这些都与睡眠紊乱、睡眠药物或睡眠效率没有相关性。在所有组自评和腕动计睡眠质量评估的效果同样好（即90%睡眠效率）。 结论：这项调查具有重要的临床意义，因为排除了主要的混杂变量。在AD患者中常报道合并症的缺乏可能是缺少日落综合征和睡眠障碍的原因。认知功能减退和睡眠持续时间是否有相互依赖性仍然是难以捉摸的，未来的研究的问题应该是解决夜间睡眠时间延长和白天活动时间减少是否能够延缓认知功能衰退。
关键词: 睡眠、休息活动节律、老化、健忘、痴呆、认知、CANTAB、腕动计。
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