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Review Article

日粮对脂肪组织的影响

卷 26, 期 19, 2019

页: [3593 - 3612] 页: 20

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170518102340

价格: $65

摘要

背景：肥胖是主要的健康问题，已成为全球流行病。超重和肥胖通常与多种病理的发展有关，例如胰岛素抵抗，心血管疾病，睡眠呼吸暂停和几种类型的癌症，这些疾病可导致进一步的发病率和死亡率。腹部肥胖增加会使超重和肥胖的人更容易发生代谢和心血管问题。 目的：本综述旨在描述针对肥胖症的医学，社会和经济后果的饮食策略，以应对肥胖症。 方法：185篇论文被纳入本综述。 结果：过量的脂肪会导致脂肪组织的生物学，形态和功能发生若干变化，例如脂肪细胞肥大和增生，脂肪组织炎症和纤维化以及脂肪因子的分泌受损，从而导致肥胖相关合并症的发作。肥胖管理和预防的第一种方法是饮食结合体育锻炼。本综述总结了令人信服的证据，这些证据显示了低热量，低碳水化合物和高碳水化合物，高蛋白或低脂饮食的人体成分变化，对心脏代谢的影响以及潜在的不良影响。还对餐前和餐后状态下大量营养素的使用进行了综述，以更好地理解由不同饮食干预引起的代谢变化。 结论：饮食变化应个性化，适合于食物偏好，并允许采取灵活的方法减少卡路里摄入，以增加超重和肥胖患者的动机和依从性。

关键词: 肥胖，超低卡路里饮食，高蛋白饮食，低碳水化合物和高碳水化合物饮食，低脂饮食，葡萄糖代谢。

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