Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chief cause of heart attack, stroke and death in Western society. It is a disease of the large arteries characterised by the presence of atherosclerotic lesions, often observable as fatty streaks within the first decade of life. A number of factors influence the development and progression of atherosclerosis; however, hemodynamic forces appear to play a critical role in the earliest stages of lesion formation. Significantly, lesions selectively develop in the areas of the vasculature associated with low shear stress, such as at the bends and bifurcations of the arterial tree. In contrast, areas subjected to uniform laminar flow, as found in the straight tubular portions of arteries are considered athero-resistant. Hemodynamic forces influence the transcription of genes within the endothelial cells that line the entire vascular system. Transcriptional changes include the modulation of genes encoding cytokines, adhesion molecules, transcription factors and growth factors. Shear stress-responsive gene expression may underpin the role that hemodynamic forces play in vascular homeostasis and pathophysiology; however, it is not clear exactly how hemodynamic forces influence the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis. DNA microarray technology has recently been employed to identify novel hemodynamic flow-responsive genes and gene families. In the current study we compile such gene expression data from large-scale transcriptomic profiling and examine it within the pathological context of atherosclerosis. By understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the role that hemodynamic forces play in the pathogenesis of vascular disease it may be possible to identify central mediators of the disease and to design new therapeutic strategies.
Keywords: shear stress, laminar flow, disturbed flow, dna microarray
Current Genomics
Title: Profiling the Shear Stress of Atherosclerosis; A Genomic View
Volume: 5 Issue: 4
Author(s): C. Stenson-Cox, V. Barron, B. P. Murphy, P. E. McHugh and T. Smith
Affiliation:
Keywords: shear stress, laminar flow, disturbed flow, dna microarray
Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a chief cause of heart attack, stroke and death in Western society. It is a disease of the large arteries characterised by the presence of atherosclerotic lesions, often observable as fatty streaks within the first decade of life. A number of factors influence the development and progression of atherosclerosis; however, hemodynamic forces appear to play a critical role in the earliest stages of lesion formation. Significantly, lesions selectively develop in the areas of the vasculature associated with low shear stress, such as at the bends and bifurcations of the arterial tree. In contrast, areas subjected to uniform laminar flow, as found in the straight tubular portions of arteries are considered athero-resistant. Hemodynamic forces influence the transcription of genes within the endothelial cells that line the entire vascular system. Transcriptional changes include the modulation of genes encoding cytokines, adhesion molecules, transcription factors and growth factors. Shear stress-responsive gene expression may underpin the role that hemodynamic forces play in vascular homeostasis and pathophysiology; however, it is not clear exactly how hemodynamic forces influence the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis. DNA microarray technology has recently been employed to identify novel hemodynamic flow-responsive genes and gene families. In the current study we compile such gene expression data from large-scale transcriptomic profiling and examine it within the pathological context of atherosclerosis. By understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the role that hemodynamic forces play in the pathogenesis of vascular disease it may be possible to identify central mediators of the disease and to design new therapeutic strategies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Stenson-Cox C., Barron V., Murphy P. B., McHugh E. P. and Smith T., Profiling the Shear Stress of Atherosclerosis; A Genomic View, Current Genomics 2004; 5 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202043349327
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202043349327 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Current Genomics in Cardiovascular Research
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in the world, in recent years we have had important advances in the interaction between cardiovascular disease and genomics. In this Research Topic, we intend for researchers to present their results with a focus on basic, translational and clinical investigations associated with ...read more
Deep learning in Single Cell Analysis
The field of biology is undergoing a revolution in our ability to study individual cells at the molecular level, and to integrate data from multiple sources and modalities. This has been made possible by advances in technologies for single-cell sequencing, multi-omics profiling, spatial transcriptomics, and high-throughput imaging, as well as ...read more
New insights on Pediatric Tumors and Associated Cancer Predisposition Syndromes
Because of the broad spectrum of children cancer susceptibility, the diagnosis of cancer risk syndromes in children is rarely used in direct cancer treatment. The field of pediatric cancer genetics and genomics will only continue to expand as a result of increasing use of genetic testing tools. It's possible that ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Molecular Effects of L-dopa Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease
Current Genomics Air Pollution, Platelet Activation and Atherosclerosis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems: Strategy for Improving Oral Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drugs
Current Drug Therapy Peripheral Arterial Disease - The Forgotten Risk Factor
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Vitamin D Deficiency: Universal Risk Factor for Multifactorial Diseases?
Current Drug Targets Role of Hyperphosphatemia on Cardiovascular Disease in Dialysis Patients
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Exosomes and the Emerging Field of Exosome-Based Gene Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Pharmacological Management Options to Prevent and Reduce Ischemic Hemorrhagic Transformation
Current Drug Targets Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Neoplastic Actions of Resveratrol
Current Nutrition & Food Science Autologous Circulating Progenitor Cells Transplanted with Hybrid Scaffold Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing in Rabbit Model
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Oxidized-LDL and Paraoxonase-1 As Biomarkers of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Current Medicinal Chemistry MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Birth Defects
MicroRNA Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders Employing Nanoparticles
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Lipoprotein (a) Management: Lifestyle and Hormones
Current Medicinal Chemistry How Drugs Influencing Central Blood Pressure Prevent Atherosclerosis Complications?
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Health Outcomes Associated with Hormone Therapy in Australian Women
Current Drug Safety Effects of Biologic Agents and Other Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Variant in the Endoglin Gene is Associated with the Development of Sporadic Intracranial Aneurysms
Current Neurovascular Research Generation of Universal Red Blood Cells: An Evaluation of Various Approaches
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Diabetes Mellitus: An Update
Current Cardiology Reviews