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Current Alzheimer Research

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ISSN (Print): 1567-2050
ISSN (Online): 1875-5828

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Research Article

Validation of a New Imaging Technique Using the Glucose Metabolism to Amyloid Deposition Ratio in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Author(s): Ryuichi Takahashi, Kazunari Ishii, Kazumasa Yokoyama and for the Alzheimer`s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Volume 14, Issue 2, 2017

Page: [161 - 168] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1567205013666160620122346

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: Alzheimer’ disease (AD) is characterized by increase of cortical amyloid deposition in prodromal stage and subsequent decrease of cerebral glucose metabolism as disease progresses. The present study introduces the voxel-wise metabolism to amyloid deposits ratio (MAR) image and to evaluate its reliability for the diagnosis of AD.

Methods: Consecutive one-hundred and forty-three subjects with AD and 181 normal subjects who underwent both 18F-FDG PET and 18F-florbetapir (AV-45) PET at baseline were included to this study from the database of Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI). After normalizing to a standard stereotactic space, the MAR image was created by dividing each FDG-PET image by corresponding AV-45 PET image using with voxel-wise inter-image computation. We examined voxel wise comparison in the MAR images between AD subjects and normal subjects and compared the diagnostic performances between the MAR image and FDG-PET and AV-45 image.

Results: In the voxel wise comparison, the MAR images of AD subjects exhibited severe and extensive decrease compared with normal subjects in the affected region in both FDG-PET and AV-45, especially in the precuneus /posterior cingulate. The highest t-value was equivalent to FDG-PET and the voxel extent was much greater than the other images. In the ROI analysis, the diagnostic accuracies were 82.6% (sensitivity: 86.7%, specificity: 79.5%), 80.7% (sensitivity: 77%, specificity: 83.4%), and 78.8% (sensitivity: 75.2%, specificity: 81.5%) for the MAR image, FDG-PET, and AV-45, respectively. AUC for the MAR image was 0.904 (95%CI: 0.867-0.942), and was larger than those for FDG-PET (AUC: 0.884, 95%CI: 0.843-0.926), and AV-45 (AUC: 0.847, 95%CI: 0.798-0.897).

Conclusion: MAR image reflected not only amyloid deposition but the cerebral glucose metabolisms and successfully classified the subjects with AD. These data suggest that the MAR image might be a more proper appropriate diagnostic marker for AD reflecting cerebral metabolisms and amyloid deposition.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, florbetapir, FDG, amyloid, AV-45.

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