摘要
多发性硬化(MS)是未知病因的中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病。 MS变现为中枢神经系统炎症,脱髓鞘和轴突损伤的复杂病理生理学,使得它在实验系统的建模尤其困难。此外,MS不天然存在于其他物种这一证明已经进一步复杂了MS的临床前研究。这些年来,几个MS体内模型已经制定出来。实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)代表了最广泛使用的MS实验模型,它依赖于自身免疫性范例来探索MS神经病理学。尽管已经了解EAE发生在神经炎症中的分子事件,不是所有的MS特点可以有效地在这个概念框架内塑造。因此,基于病毒感染或神经毒素管理的CNS脱髓鞘的可选模型已被表征。虽然不完美,但这些模型有很大的提高了我们免疫系统健康和疾病功能的知识。在另一边,他们与MS的固有的距离往往导致曲解和高估从这些实验系统中收集的数据。在这个综述里,每个模型将从其模仿MS的潜力和给患者带来最有希望治疗方法方面进行讨论。此外,我们将讨论的基因组技术如何帮助改进现有模型。
关键词: 多发性硬化症,脱髓鞘,实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎,自身免疫,cuprizone,卵磷脂,泰勒的小鼠脑脊髓炎病毒、鼠肝炎病毒。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Preclinical Models of Multiple Sclerosis: Advantages and Limitations Towards Better Therapies
Volume: 23 Issue: 14
Author(s): Alessandro Didonna
Affiliation:
关键词: 多发性硬化症,脱髓鞘,实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎,自身免疫,cuprizone,卵磷脂,泰勒的小鼠脑脊髓炎病毒、鼠肝炎病毒。
摘要: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with an unknown etiology. MS complex pathophysiology—characterized by CNS inflammation, demyelination and axonal injury—has made its modeling in experimental systems particularly problematic. Moreover, the evidence that MS does not naturally occur in other species has further complicated MS preclinical studies. Through the years, several MS in vivo models have been developed. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) represents the most widely used MS experimental model and relies upon the autoimmune paradigm to explore MS neuropathology. Although EAE has been instrumental in understanding the molecular events which take place upon neuroinflammation, not all MS hallmarks can be efficiently shaped within this conceptual frameshift. Thus, alternative models of CNS demyelination have been characterized, either based on viral infection or neurotoxin administration. However imperfect, these models have greatly improved our knowledge of the immune system's function in health and disease. On the other side, their intrinsic distance from MS has often led to misinterpreting and overestimating the data gleaned from these experimental systems. In this review, each model will be discussed in the light of its potentiality to mimic MS and translate the most promising therapies to patients. In addition, we will address how new genomic technologies can help improve the existing models.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Alessandro Didonna , Preclinical Models of Multiple Sclerosis: Advantages and Limitations Towards Better Therapies, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160406121218
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160406121218 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Characterization and antiherpetic activity of native and chemically sulfated polysaccharide from <i>Adenanthera pavonina</i>
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Role of Vasopressin in Affective Disorders: Possible Targets of Intervention
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Peptides as Signaling Inhibitors for Mammalian MAP Kinase Cascades
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recently Patented Viral Nucleotide Sequences and Generation of Virus-Derived Vaccines
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Recent Patents on the Baculovirus Systems
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Clinical Cancer Drugs Oral Mucosal Immunization: Recent Advancement and Future Prospects
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Pharmacology of Nitric Oxide: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Redox-Driven Events in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infection and their Clinical Implications
Current HIV Research Etiopathogenesis, Classical Immunotherapy and Innovative Nanotherapeutics for Inflammatory Neurological Disorders
Current Nanoscience From Surface to Nuclear Receptors: The Endocannabinoid Family Extends its Assets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Viruses and Multiple Sclerosis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Microglia Phenotype Diversity
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Can Acetylcholinesterase Serve as a Target for Developing More Selective Insecticides?
Current Drug Targets Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors for Gene Delivery to a Variety of Different Cell Types
Current Gene Therapy Future Targeted Disease Modifying Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Ebola Virus Altered Innate and Adaptive Immune Response Signalling Pathways: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Approaches
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets The Central Role of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme in Vertebrate Pathophysiology
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Gene Therapy and Biologic Therapy with Interleukin?4
Current Gene Therapy The CCL2/CCR2 Axis in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: A New Cellular Target for Therapy?
Current Drug Targets