摘要
MicroRNAs(miRNAs)控制了大约60%的蛋白编码基因的表达,以及调节细胞的代谢、增殖、分化、凋亡。值得注意的是,miRNA的异常表达导致包括癌症的多种疾病。越来越多的证据表明,miRNA在EMT、肿瘤干细胞的发生、肿瘤代谢和癌变中发挥重要的作用。miRNA的异常表达导致肿瘤的发生、进展和癌症患者的预后较差。因此,致癌miRNA已显示为诊断标志物和新的抗癌药物靶点。然而,miRNA促进肿瘤发生的机制尚未完全了解。本文旨在澄清肿瘤特异性miRNA的识别、致癌miRNA特征的确定,和致癌miRNA在肿瘤发生、发展的动态研究。尽管在miRNA介导的抗癌治疗取得良好的进展,但仍然存在药物稳定性、免疫原性,脱靶效应和毒性的障碍。我们希望本论述能促进肿瘤研究领域中miRNA的进一步研究,这可能会启示肿瘤发生机制的新的见解和针对癌症治疗提供新的途径。
关键词: 癌症干细胞、癌症治疗、肿瘤形成、EMT、microRNA。
图形摘要
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title:OncomicroRNAs-Mediated Tumorigenesis: Implication in Cancer Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy
Volume: 17 Issue: 1
Author(s): Nana Zheng, Ping Yang, Zhiwei Wang, Quansheng Zhou
Affiliation:
关键词: 癌症干细胞、癌症治疗、肿瘤形成、EMT、microRNA。
摘要: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control the expression of approximately 60% of protein-coding genes and regulate cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Notably, aberrant expression of miRNAs contributes to several diseases including cancer. Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs play important roles in EMT, genesis of cancer stem cells, cancer metabolism and carcinogenesis. Aberrant expression of miRNAs triggers tumor initiation, progression and poor prognosis of cancer patients. Accordingly, oncogenic miRNAs have emerged as diagnostic biomarkers and targets for novel anti-cancer drug discovery. However, the mechanisms of miRNAs contriving tumorigenesis are not completely understood. This review aims to clarify the identification of tumorspecific miRNAs, verification of oncogenic miRNA signatures, and dynamic study of oncogenic miRNAs in cancer initiation and development. Despite sound progress in miRNA-mediated anticancer therapy, several barriers like drug stability, immunogenicity, off-target effects and toxicities still remain. We hope our review could stimulate the further study of miRNAs in cancer research field, which may lead to new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and create new avenues for targeted cancer therapy.
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Cite this article as:
Nana Zheng, Ping Yang, Zhiwei Wang, Quansheng Zhou , OncomicroRNAs-Mediated Tumorigenesis: Implication in Cancer Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2017; 17 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009616666160216130608
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009616666160216130608 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
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