摘要
虽然100多年前,通过光动力学疗法(PDT)破换微生物的能力发现了它,但是它主要作为癌症治疗剂被开发。近几年,由于多种病原体抗生素耐药菌株不可阻挡的上升,PDT正被认为是使微生物细胞不能产生耐抗力的全能途径。本综述的目的是为了调查作为抗菌光敏剂测试的不同类化合物。其中的一些化合物已经被熟知多年,而其他一些是基于近期的结构原理而合理设计而成。基于四吡咯化合物(其中一些被批准为抗癌制剂)能够有效的产生单线态氧,当他们承受阳离子电荷时,会更加高效广谱,如从大环化合物到卟啉类到卟吩到酞菁到细菌卟吩,从长波长吸收移动到近红外,组织的穿透性会变得更好。对四种主要类型的天然产物:姜黄素、核黄素、金丝桃素和补骨脂素进行了测试。酚酞染料如亚甲蓝和甲苯胺蓝已经通过测试,并且一些已经通过临床批准。许多带有咕吨、三芳基甲烷和靛青结构的非酚酞染料也已通过测试。基于BODIPY、方酸和富勒烯笼的环状结构也能够调节抗菌PDT。最后采用二氧化钛的光催化过程也具有医学用途。设计新的抗菌光敏剂可能需要化学家付出很长时间才能够实现。
关键词: 抗菌光敏剂疗法,细菌,菌绿素,氯,富勒烯,真菌,感染,天然产物,吩噻嗪盐,酞菁,卟啉,二氧化钛光催化,咕吨染料
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Antimicrobial Photosensitizers: Drug Discovery Under the Spotlight
Volume: 22 Issue: 18
Author(s): Rui Yin and Michael R. Hamblin
Affiliation:
关键词: 抗菌光敏剂疗法,细菌,菌绿素,氯,富勒烯,真菌,感染,天然产物,吩噻嗪盐,酞菁,卟啉,二氧化钛光催化,咕吨染料
摘要: Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) was discovered over a hundred years ago by its ability to destroy microorganisms, it has been developed mainly as a cancer therapy. In recent years, due to the inexorable rise in multi-antibiotic resistant strains of pathogens, PDT is being considered as a versatile antimicrobial approach to which microbial cells will not be able to develop resistance. The goal of this review is to survey the different classes of chemical compounds that have been tested as antimicrobial photosensitizers. Some of these compounds have been known for many years, while others have been rationally designed based on recently discovered structural principles. Tetrapyrrole-based compounds (some of which are approved as cancer therapies) that efficiently generate singlet oxygen are more efficient and broad-spectrum when they bear cationic charges, As the macrocycle structure moves from porphyrins to chlorins to phthalocyanines to bacteriochlorins the long wavelength absorption moves to the near-infrared where tissue penetration is better. Four main types of natural products have been tested: curcumin, riboflavin, hypericin and psoralens. Phenothiazinium dyes, such as methylene blue and toluidine blue, have been tested, and some are clinically approved. A variety of non-phenothiazinium dyes with xanthene, triarylmethane and indocyanine structures have also been tested. New ring structures based on BODIPY, squaraine and fullerene cages can also mediate antimicrobial PDT. Finally the process of photocatalysis using titanium dioxide can also have medical uses. Designing new antimicrobial photosensitizers is likely to keep chemists engaged for a long time to come.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rui Yin and Michael R. Hamblin , Antimicrobial Photosensitizers: Drug Discovery Under the Spotlight, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150319120134
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150319120134 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Analysis of Taiwan Patents for the Medicinal Mushroom “Niu-Chang- Chih”
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture The Novel Synthesized Pyridazinone Derivates had the Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects in SHSY5Y and HEP3B Cancer Cell Line
Letters in Organic Chemistry Non-rigid Image Registration by Minimizing Weighted Residual Complexity
Current Medical Imaging Polyphenols: A Diverse Class of Multi-Target Anti-HIV-1 Agents
Current Drug Metabolism Specific Power Absorption of Silica-coated Magnetite Cubes
Current Nanoscience Adopting Network Pharmacology for Cancer Drug Discovery
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Present, Emerging and Possible Future Biomarkers in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC)
Current Cancer Drug Targets Hypomethylating Agents in the Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myeloid Leukemia
Current Cancer Drug Targets Studying the Human Gut Microbiota in the Trans-Omics Era - Focus on Metagenomics and Metabonomics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Homology Modelling of Human E1 Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery The Histopathology of Spondyloarthropathy
Current Molecular Medicine The ‘Arimidex’, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) Trial: A Step Forward in the Treatment of Early Breast Cancer
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials RANKL/RANK/OPG: Key Therapeutic Target in Bone Oncology
Current Drug Discovery Technologies TRP Channels and Cancer: New Targets for Diagnosis and Chemotherapy
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Paeonol, a Powerful Natural Product with Broad Biological Spectra by Inhibiting Inflammatory Pathway
Current Traditional Medicine Progress in Imaging Agents of Cell Apoptosis
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Variances in the Level of COX-2 and iNOS in Different Grades of Endometrial Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Protein Kinase C-theta Inhibitors: A Novel Therapy for Inflammatory Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Promise of Slow Down Ageing May Come from Curcumin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Hyperglycemia Regulates TXNIP/TRX/ROS Axis via p38 MAPK and ERK Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets