Abstract
The maintenance of pancreatic β-cells normal functioning is crucial for insulin production and glucose homeostasis. Inadequate insulin secretion due to β-cell dysfunction can lead to different types of diabetes mellitus. Though it is widely recognized that both environmental and genetic factors play important roles, the exact molecular mechanism that leads to β -cell failure is still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes at the epigenetic level. miRNAs have been reported to participate in the process of pancreatic development and insulin biosynthesis. Some miRNAs may control insulin secretion and exocytosis through regulating ATP/ADP ratio. In this review, we will summarize the pathological roles of miRNAs in β-cell dysfunction and briefly discuss miRNAs as possible biomarkers and potential pharmaceutical target for diabetes mellitus.
Graphical Abstract
Current Signal Transduction Therapy
Title:MicroRNAs in Diabetic β Cell Dysfunction and their Role as Biomarkers
Volume: 9 Issue: 2
Author(s): Yaxi Chen, Haoming Tian and Xijie Yu
Affiliation:
Keywords: Biomarker, β cells, diabetes, insulin, miRNAs.
Abstract: The maintenance of pancreatic β-cells normal functioning is crucial for insulin production and glucose homeostasis. Inadequate insulin secretion due to β-cell dysfunction can lead to different types of diabetes mellitus. Though it is widely recognized that both environmental and genetic factors play important roles, the exact molecular mechanism that leads to β -cell failure is still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes at the epigenetic level. miRNAs have been reported to participate in the process of pancreatic development and insulin biosynthesis. Some miRNAs may control insulin secretion and exocytosis through regulating ATP/ADP ratio. In this review, we will summarize the pathological roles of miRNAs in β-cell dysfunction and briefly discuss miRNAs as possible biomarkers and potential pharmaceutical target for diabetes mellitus.
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Cite this article as:
Chen Yaxi, Tian Haoming and Yu Xijie, MicroRNAs in Diabetic β Cell Dysfunction and their Role as Biomarkers, Current Signal Transduction Therapy 2014; 9 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574362410666150114230309
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574362410666150114230309 |
Print ISSN 1574-3624 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-389X |
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