Abstract
The role of vitamin D (VitD) has recently been expanded beyond bone homeostasis and regulation of calcium levels. VitD deficiency has been proposed as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including stroke. Low 25(OH)VitD levels are very common among post-stroke patients, probably due to their limited mobility and decreased sunlight exposure along with a higher prevalence of malnutrition, and they have been associated with previous and incident cerebrovascular events. Contributing mechanisms have been linked to the association of VitD deficiency with the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Moreover, there is experimental evidence demonstrating that VitD exerts neuroprotective effects, such as stimulation of neurotrophic factors, quenching of oxidative hyperactivity and regulation of neuronal death, as well as antithrombotic properties. It is plausible that VitD supplementation could be a beneficial intervention for the prevention and/or treatment of cerebrovascular disease possibly by decreasing the aforementioned cerebrovascular risk factors and simultaneously by improving neurologic and cognitive functions, thereby reducing falls and fractures in post-stroke patients. However, study results are still conflicting and data from large, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify these speculations.
Keywords: Antiatherogenic effect, antithrombotic effect, cardiovascular disease, deficiency, neuroprotection, stroke, vitamin D.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Vitamin D and Stroke: Promise for Prevention and Better Outcome
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Stefania E. Makariou, Patrik Michel, Meropi S. Tzoufi, Anna Challa and Haralampos J. Milionis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antiatherogenic effect, antithrombotic effect, cardiovascular disease, deficiency, neuroprotection, stroke, vitamin D.
Abstract: The role of vitamin D (VitD) has recently been expanded beyond bone homeostasis and regulation of calcium levels. VitD deficiency has been proposed as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including stroke. Low 25(OH)VitD levels are very common among post-stroke patients, probably due to their limited mobility and decreased sunlight exposure along with a higher prevalence of malnutrition, and they have been associated with previous and incident cerebrovascular events. Contributing mechanisms have been linked to the association of VitD deficiency with the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Moreover, there is experimental evidence demonstrating that VitD exerts neuroprotective effects, such as stimulation of neurotrophic factors, quenching of oxidative hyperactivity and regulation of neuronal death, as well as antithrombotic properties. It is plausible that VitD supplementation could be a beneficial intervention for the prevention and/or treatment of cerebrovascular disease possibly by decreasing the aforementioned cerebrovascular risk factors and simultaneously by improving neurologic and cognitive functions, thereby reducing falls and fractures in post-stroke patients. However, study results are still conflicting and data from large, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify these speculations.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Makariou E. Stefania, Michel Patrik, Tzoufi S. Meropi, Challa Anna and Milionis J. Haralampos, Vitamin D and Stroke: Promise for Prevention and Better Outcome, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2014; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701611113119990119
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701611113119990119 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: 10 Key Lessons
Current Cardiology Reviews Prostaglandin E2: From Clinical Applications to Its Potential Role in Bone- Muscle Crosstalk and Myogenic Differentiation
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Therapeutic Hypothermia for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Why, When and How
Current Cardiology Reviews Network Building of Proteins in a Biochemical Pathway: A Computational Biology Related Model for Target Discovery and Drug-Design
Current Bioinformatics Perception of Symptoms in Hypertensive Patients and the Relevance to the Application of Anti- Hypertensive Drug Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Estrogens and Progression of Diabetic Kidney Damage
Current Diabetes Reviews Oleanolic Acid and Related Triterpenoids from Olives on Vascular Function: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Correlation between Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D level and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in type 2 diabetic patients
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Data Science Approaches to Pharmacogenetics
Current Molecular Medicine The Use of Biomarkers for Assessing HAART-Associated Renal Toxicity in HIV-Infected Patients
Current HIV Research Biomarkers in Systemic Sclerosis-Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Current Vascular Pharmacology Medicinal Chemistry and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Nitric Oxide-Releasing NSAI Drugs
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Concomitance of Hypertension and Diabetes Exacerbating Retinopathy: The Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.
Current Clinical Pharmacology Impact of the Presence of Select Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Cognitive Changes among Dementia Subtypes
Current Alzheimer Research An Overview on Application of Natural Substances Incorporated with Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds to Development of Innovative Wound Dressings
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Phosphonic Esters and their Application of Protease Control
Current Pharmaceutical Design Chemical and Biological Aspects of the Genus Verbesina
The Natural Products Journal Formulation and Evaluation of Bilayered Gastroretentable Mucoadhesive Patch for Stomach-Specific Drug Delivery
Current Drug Delivery Vascularization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering: Current Approaches and Major Challenges
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Effects of Quercetin against Mycotoxin Induced Cytotoxicity: A Mini- Review
Current Nutrition & Food Science