Abstract
Stroke remains a major cause of death in the US and around the world. Despite major scientific advances in our understanding of stroke pathology, the only FDA-approved drug for ischemic stroke is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Moreover, the therapeutic window for tPA is confined to the acute phase of stroke, thereby greatly limiting its benefits to less than 3% of ischemic stroke patients. Many treatment strategies for stroke have targeted the subacute or chronic phase in an effort to abrogate the secondary cell death that ensues after the initial stroke insult. Here, we advance the hypothesis that blood vessel disruption, or aneurysm, in the brain is an exacerbating factor for stroke, especially in the evolution of the penumbra or peri-infarct area. A better understanding of aneurysm, specifically its dynamic onset and juxtaposition to the ischemic brain tissue should facilitate the development of novel strategies for attenuating the secondary cell death associated with stroke. To this end, we discuss the laboratory and clinical evidence implicating aneurysm formation in stroke and also provide insights on how stem cell therapy may prove efficacious in combating aneurysm and stroke.
Keywords: Stroke, aneurysm, stem cell therapy, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), blood vessel disruption, ischemic brain tissue, secondary cell death, peri-infarct area.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Cerebral Aneurysm as an Exacerbating Factor in Stroke Pathology and a Therapeutic Target for Neuroprotection
Volume: 18 Issue: 25
Author(s): Naoki Tajiri, Tsz Lau, Loren E. Glover, Kazutaka Shinozuka, Yuji Kaneko, Harry van Loveren and Cesar V. Borlongan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Stroke, aneurysm, stem cell therapy, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), blood vessel disruption, ischemic brain tissue, secondary cell death, peri-infarct area.
Abstract: Stroke remains a major cause of death in the US and around the world. Despite major scientific advances in our understanding of stroke pathology, the only FDA-approved drug for ischemic stroke is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Moreover, the therapeutic window for tPA is confined to the acute phase of stroke, thereby greatly limiting its benefits to less than 3% of ischemic stroke patients. Many treatment strategies for stroke have targeted the subacute or chronic phase in an effort to abrogate the secondary cell death that ensues after the initial stroke insult. Here, we advance the hypothesis that blood vessel disruption, or aneurysm, in the brain is an exacerbating factor for stroke, especially in the evolution of the penumbra or peri-infarct area. A better understanding of aneurysm, specifically its dynamic onset and juxtaposition to the ischemic brain tissue should facilitate the development of novel strategies for attenuating the secondary cell death associated with stroke. To this end, we discuss the laboratory and clinical evidence implicating aneurysm formation in stroke and also provide insights on how stem cell therapy may prove efficacious in combating aneurysm and stroke.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tajiri Naoki, Lau Tsz, E. Glover Loren, Shinozuka Kazutaka, Kaneko Yuji, van Loveren Harry and V. Borlongan Cesar, Cerebral Aneurysm as an Exacerbating Factor in Stroke Pathology and a Therapeutic Target for Neuroprotection, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802002724
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802002724 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Extracellular Matrix on the Phenotypic Switching of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Triglycerides and Vascular Risk: Insights from Epidemiological Data and Interventional Studies
Current Drug Targets Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Therapeutic Strategy for Protecting Endothelium in Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Remediation of Cellular Hypoxic Damage by Pharmacological Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Renal Dysfunction Following Elective Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Role of Statins in the Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Drug Targets Cerebrovascular Ultrasonography for Selecting Patients for Stroke Intervention
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Nanowired Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Central Nervous System Injury and Repair
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Histone Methylation and Transcriptional Regulation in Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Intracranial Non-traumatic Aneurysms in Children and Adolescents
Current Pediatric Reviews A Fresh Prospect of Extracellular Matrix Hydrolytic Enzymes and Their Substrates
Current Pharmaceutical Design Adrenomedullin: Roles for Structure and Function in Cardiac or Vascular Tissues
Current Hypertension Reviews Aspirin Resistance in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Clinical Impact
Current Pharmaceutical Design Randomized Clinical Stroke Trials in 2006
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pericyte: Potential Target for Hemorrhagic Stroke Prevention and Treatment
Current Drug Delivery Endothelins and the Role of Endothelin Antagonists in the Management of Posttraumatic Vasospasm
Current Pharmaceutical Design Free Radicals Generated by Post-Prandial Oxidative Burst in the Early Alterations of Vascular Contractility
Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs (Discontinued) Pharmacoproteomics in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Ulnar Artery Thrombosis Due to Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Arrhythmias and Left Ventricular Hypertrabeculation/Noncompaction
Current Pharmaceutical Design