Abstract
Over evolutionary time, human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has accumulated many mutations. Because mtDNA is exclusively inherited from the maternal lineage, these mtDNA mutations have given rise to different mtDNA genetic backgrounds, or haplogroups. Human mtDNA codes subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system and the RNAs required for the expression of these subunits. As this cell pathway is significant in cell homeostasis, mtDNA population polymorphisms may affect cell function, tissue dynamics and, finally, the health status of individuals. Supporting this idea, transmitochondrial cell lines differ in cellular, biochemical and molecular-genetic properties among mtDNA haplogroups. Moreover, several epidemiological studies suggest that population genetic variation in mtDNA can have important phenotypic effects and modify the predisposition of human beings toward different disorders. Human mitogenomics, the study of mtDNAs in humans, will allow the development of mtDNA barcodes connecting particular mtDNA haplotypes with higher/lower propensity to particular diseases. Importantly, mitogenomics offers a previously neglected avenue for the development of drugs to treat individuals according their mtDNA genetic background, raising the possibility of mitochondrially-personalized medicine.
Keywords: Haplogroup, mitogenomics, MtDNA, OXPHOS, personalized medicine, Mitochondrial Genomic Variation, mutation, homeostasis, OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION, PHENOTYPIC EFFECTS
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
Title: Mitogenomics: Recognizing the Significance of Mitochondrial Genomic Variation for Personalized Medicine
Volume: 9
Author(s): Inigo Martinez-Romero, Sonia Emperador, Laura LLobet, Julio Montoya and Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
Affiliation:
Keywords: Haplogroup, mitogenomics, MtDNA, OXPHOS, personalized medicine, Mitochondrial Genomic Variation, mutation, homeostasis, OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION, PHENOTYPIC EFFECTS
Abstract: Over evolutionary time, human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has accumulated many mutations. Because mtDNA is exclusively inherited from the maternal lineage, these mtDNA mutations have given rise to different mtDNA genetic backgrounds, or haplogroups. Human mtDNA codes subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system and the RNAs required for the expression of these subunits. As this cell pathway is significant in cell homeostasis, mtDNA population polymorphisms may affect cell function, tissue dynamics and, finally, the health status of individuals. Supporting this idea, transmitochondrial cell lines differ in cellular, biochemical and molecular-genetic properties among mtDNA haplogroups. Moreover, several epidemiological studies suggest that population genetic variation in mtDNA can have important phenotypic effects and modify the predisposition of human beings toward different disorders. Human mitogenomics, the study of mtDNAs in humans, will allow the development of mtDNA barcodes connecting particular mtDNA haplotypes with higher/lower propensity to particular diseases. Importantly, mitogenomics offers a previously neglected avenue for the development of drugs to treat individuals according their mtDNA genetic background, raising the possibility of mitochondrially-personalized medicine.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Martinez-Romero Inigo, Emperador Sonia, LLobet Laura, Montoya Julio and Ruiz-Pesini Eduardo, Mitogenomics: Recognizing the Significance of Mitochondrial Genomic Variation for Personalized Medicine, Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 2011; 9 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187569211795508457
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187569211795508457 |
Print ISSN 1875-6921 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6913 |

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Homocysteine and Folate Therapy in Dialysis Patients
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Serpin Regulation of Fibrinolytic System: Implications for Therapeutic Applications in Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial:Cannabis: Neurological Correlates in Abuse and Medical Use
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets GABA-A Receptor Complex and Memory Processes
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Rivastigmine for Refractory REM Behavior Disorder in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Current Alzheimer Research Therapeutic Potential of Agonists and Antagonists of A1, A2a, A2b and A3 Adenosine Receptors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cholesterol and Apoe: A Target for Alzheimers Disease Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation - An Adjuvant Tool for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases?
Current Psychiatry Reviews Protective Mechanisms of Helminths Against Reactive Oxygen Species are Highly Promising Drug Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mouse Models of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine for Studying Migraine Pathophysiology
Current Neuropharmacology Somatostatin sst4 Ligands: Chemistry and Pharmacology
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Desensitization of 5-HT-1A Somatodentritic Receptors in Tryptophan Treated and Co-treated Rats Induced by Methylphenidate
Current Clinical Pharmacology Targeting MAPK Signalling: Prometheus Fire or Pandoras Box?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 7 (mGluR7) as a Target for the Treatment of Psychostimulant Dependence
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Potential of Pregabalin in Neurology, Psychiatry and Addiction: A Qualitative Overview
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacological Targeting in Inherited Arrhythmia Syndromes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Immunoproteasome in Cancer and Neuropathologies: A New Therapeutic Target?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Hereditary Coproporphyria (HCP): A Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Study
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Positron Emission Tomography and Brain Monoamine Neurotransmission - Entries for Study of Drug Interactions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Concentration-Dependent Mechanisms of Adverse Drug Reactions in Epilepsy
Current Pharmaceutical Design