Abstract
Organic reactions performed in the absence of solvent in domestic ovens without appropriate temperature control are generally considered as not reproducible, particularly when different instruments are used. For this reason, reproducibility has historically been one of the major issues associated with Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) especially when domestic ovens are involved. The lack of reproducibility limits the general applicability and the scale up of these reactions. In this work several solvent-free reactions previously carried out in domestic ovens have been translated into a single-mode microwave reactor and then scaled up in a multimode oven. The results show that most of these reactions, although not considered as reproducible, can be easily updated and applied in microwave reactors using temperature-controlled conditions. Furthermore, computational calculations can assist to explain and/or predict whether a reaction will be reproducible or not.
Keywords: Scalability, reproducibility, solvent-free reactions, microwave-assisted reactions, Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis, MAOS, monomode apparatus, Montmorillonite K10, multimode microwave reactor, p-nitrobenzyl bromide, B3LYP, PCM, PCM solvent model, SN2 pathway, MILESTONE, diarylurea, 1-(3-Phenylpropyl)-1,2,3-benzotriazole, 2-(3-Phenylpropyl)-1,2,3-benzotriazole, 2-(4-Phenoxybutyl)-1,2,3-benzotriazole, 1,3-Bis(4-methylthiophenyl)urea
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