The Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Gardenoside on Inflammatory Injury via the INS/NF-κB Pathway in a T2DM Zebrafish Model

Title:The Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Gardenoside on Inflammatory Injury via the INS/NF-κB Pathway in a T2DM Zebrafish Model

Volume: 10

Author(s): Ping Liu, Mirong Hou, Jiawei He, Jie Zhou, Anna Wang, Chunjiang Huo, Qiuhui Zhong, Jiaheng Zhang and Shaowu Cheng*

Affiliation:

• Hunan University of Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
• Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China

Abstract: Objective: This study utilized the zebrafish model to investigate the therapeutic effects of gardenoside on inflammatory damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through the INS/NF-κB pathway.

Methods: The study employed 7-8-month-old AB strain zebrafish and induced T2DM models by continuous exposure to a 2% glucose solution for 14 days. Control, model, gardenoside low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (2.5 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L), and a metformin group were established. Parameters such as zebrafish body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, and behavioral analyses were monitored. Fructosamine levels were measured using ELISA, while real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was employed to assess the relative expression levels of INS, IRS, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-6 genes. Intestinal histological examination was conducted to observe inflammation levels.

Results: Compared to the control group, the model group exhibited significantly increased blood glucose levels, weight gain, and fructosamine content. High-speed locomotion time increased, while low-speed locomotion time decreased. Relative expression levels of INS, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-6 genes were elevated (P < 0.0001), whereas IRS relative expression levels decreased (P < 0.001). In comparison to the model group, the gardenoside and metformin groups demonstrated reduced blood glucose levels and no significant change in body weight. The gardenoside low and medium dose groups, as well as the metformin group, showed reduced high-speed locomotion time and increased low-speed locomotion time. The relative expression levels of INS, NFκB, IL-1β, and IL-6 genes in the gardenoside and metformin groups decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.0001), while IRS relative expression levels increased (P < 0.001 or P < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Gardenoside may suppress inflammatory responses, alleviate insulin resistance, and ameliorate diabetes-related inflammatory symptoms, potentially through the regulation of the INS/NF-κB signaling pathway

Cite this article as:

Liu Ping, Hou Mirong, He Jiawei, Zhou Jie, Wang Anna, Huo Chunjiang, Zhong Qiuhui, Zhang Jiaheng and Cheng Shaowu*, The Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Gardenoside on Inflammatory Injury via the INS/NF-κB Pathway in a T2DM Zebrafish Model, Current Traditional Medicine 2024; 10 () : e010224226618 . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0122150838273598231215115519

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0122150838273598231215115519	Print ISSN 2215-0838
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 2215-0846