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Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Online): 2212-3989

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Review Article

Salmonella Typhi: A Review of Antibiogram Journey in Developing Countries

Author(s): Lipika Singhal, Diljot Sandhu, Varsha Gupta and Ivneet Kour*

Volume 24, Issue 6, 2024

Published on: 23 January, 2024

Article ID: e230124225976 Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/0118715265255339240102110929

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever poses a significant health challenge in low- and middleincome countries (LMiCs), impacting millions of individuals across various age groups. Its prevalence is particularly pronounced in South Asia. Factors contributing to its transmission in South Asia include rapid unplanned urbanization, urban-rural disparities, provision of poor water and sanitation facilities, and open defecation.

The mortality rate of typhoid fever is up to 1%, and those who survive have a protracted period of poor health and carry an enormous financial burden. The treatment is further complicated by the emerging antibiotic resistance leaving few treatment options in hands. This issue has become more urgent due to the further emergence of extended drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) typhoid strains, as well as their subsequent global spread. Fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella spp. is currently classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a high (Priority 2) pathogen. As a result, establishing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) according to the latest guidelines may prove effective in treating typhoid fever and minimizing the rising threat of drug resistance.

Graphical Abstract

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