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Current Vascular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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Systematic Review Article

Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Lipid Profile, Anthropometric and Hepatic Markers in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review

Author(s): María Fernanda Castillo*, Daniela Salgado-Canales, Marco Arrese, Francisco Barrera and Dimitri P Mikhailidis

Volume 22, Issue 3, 2024

Published on: 19 January, 2024

Page: [187 - 202] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/0115701611285401240110074530

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The first-line treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is lifestyle modification; this should accompany any pharmacological intervention. Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown benefits over metabolic and cardiovascular parameters. Non-religious IF includes Time-Restricted Feeding (TRF), Alternate-Day Fasting (ADF), and 5:2 IF interventions.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of IF on anthropometric, liver damage, and lipid profile markers in subjects with NAFLD.

Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using PubMed and Scopus databases.

Results: Five studies involving 470 patients with NAFLD were included. In relation to anthropometric markers, all the articles reported body weight reduction (2.48-7.63%), but only ADF and 5:2 IF reported a body weight reduction >5%; also, all the articles reported fat mass reduction. Concerning hepatic markers, all the articles reported a reduction in hepatic steatosis and alanine aminotransferase activity, but no changes in fat-free mass and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. There were variable results on fibrosis, other liver enzymes, waist circumference and body mass index, as well as the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Conclusion: Any form of IF could be potentially beneficial for NAFLD treatment and some associated cardiometabolic parameters. However, it is necessary to evaluate the effects and safety of IF in long-term studies involving a higher number of participants with different stages of NAFLD. The effect of IF on NAFLD-associated vascular risk also needs evaluation.

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