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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Research Article

Insulin Therapy on Bone Macroscopic, Microarchitecture, and Mechanical Properties of Tibia in Diabetic Rats

Author(s): Pedro Henrique Justino Oliveira Limirio, Nilson Ferreira De Oliveira Neto, Jessyca Figueira Venâncio, Camila Rodrigues Borges Linhares, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares and Paula Dechichi*

Volume 20, Issue 9, 2024

Published on: 03 January, 2024

Article ID: e030124225214 Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/0115733998270859231117091741

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: This study evaluated tibia's macroscopic structure, mechanical properties, and bone microarchitecture in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Eighteen animals were divided into three groups (n=6): Non-diabetic (ND), diabetic (D), and diabetic+insulin (DI). T1DM was induced by streptozotocin; insulin was administered daily (4IU). The animals were euthanized 35 days after induction. The tibiae were removed and analyzed using macroscopic, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and three-point bending. The macroscopic analysis measured proximal-distal length (PD), antero-posterior thickness (AP) of proximal (AP-P) and distal (AP-D) epiphysis, and lateral-medial thickness (LM) of proximal (LM-P) and distal (LM-D) epiphysis. Micro-CT analysis closed porosity, tissue mineral density, and cortical thickness. The three-point bending test measured maximum strength, energy, and stiffness.

Results: The macroscopic analysis showed that D presented smaller measures of length and thickness (AP and AP-P) than ND and DI. More extensive measurements were observed of LM and AP-D thickness in DI than in D. In micro-CT, DI showed larger cortical thickness than D. Mechanical analysis showed lower strength in D than in other groups.

Conclusions: T1DM reduces bone growth and mechanical strength. Insulin therapy in diabetic rats improved bone growth and fracture resistance, making diabetic bone similar to normoglycemic animals.

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