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Recent Advances in Food, Nutrition & Agriculture

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Research Article

The Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cognitive Function in Iranian Elders

Author(s): Maryam Mohseni, Nitin Shivappa, Mehrnaz Shojaei, Mohammad Bagherniya, Hamed Mohammadi, Akbar Hasanzadeh, James R Hébert, Gholamreza Askari* and Amirhossein Sahebkar*

Volume 15, Issue 1, 2024

Published on: 24 October, 2023

Page: [59 - 73] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/012772574X262253231009111841

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment is amongst the most substantial mental health problems in elderly people, and inflammation is an underlying mechanism for cognitive impairment. The dietary inflammatory index (DII®) reflects the overall inflammatory potential of individuals’ diets. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the DII and cognitive function among the Iranian old population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 subjects≥65 years old in healthcare centers in five socioeconomically distinct districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake data were obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Energy-adjusted-DII (E-DIITM) scores were calculated for each participant according to a total of 35 food parameters, which were available from the FFQ. Mini mental state examination (MMSE), a brief screening questionnaire was used to assess cognitive function.

Results: E-DII scores were not significantly associated with cognitive function, both in the crude model (β=-0.04, p-value=0.82) and after adjusting for potential confounders (β=0.22, pvalue= 0.14). Additionally, in the unadjusted model, individuals in the highest tertile of E-DII score had increased odds of mild cognitive impairment (OR=1.13, p-trend=0.01) compared to those older adults in the lowest tertile of E-DII score. However, after controlling for potential confounders, these relationships faded (AOR=1.46, p-trend=0.12).

Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed no significant relationship between E- DII and cognitive function among the Iranian elderly. Future prospective studies should be undertaken to explore the association between diet-associated inflammation and cognitive decline in the elderly.

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