Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Traditional Medicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2215-0838
ISSN (Online): 2215-0846

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Reviewing Expert Attitudes Toward Quaternary Prevention using Traditional Medicine: A Qualitative Study

Author(s): Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani, Rahil Ghorbani Nia*, Leila Vali and Yousef Shaabani

Volume 10, Issue 6, 2024

Published on: 20 October, 2023

Article ID: e201023222456 Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/0122150838239182231009060653

Price: $65

conference banner
Abstract

Introduction: Traditional medicine is based on knowledge, skills, and practices relying on the theories, beliefs, and indigenous experiences of different cultures that has a healthoriented and holistic view. With a holistic and health-oriented approach, quaternary prevention also seeks to prevent harm to the patient.Patient harm can be prevented by using efficient methods of traditional medicine and limiting the use of ineffective and harmful methods.

Methods: The quantitative design of the study was conducted using a phenomenological approach among the faculty members of the Faculty of Traditional Medicine of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participation of 12 individuals selected using purposeful sampling. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The codes were categorized based on their differences or similarities.

Results: Six main themes were identified: prevention, patient benefit, quality of service, patient harm, rules and regulations, and financial burden. 18 sub-themes were extracted.

Conclusion: Healthcare providers must protect their patients from the harms and costs of unnecessary diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative measures. It is likely that adopting effective executive mechanisms, rules, and regulations focusing on the principle of patient benefit can lead to the implementation of a combination of traditional medicine and modern medicine on an extensive scale, aiming to reduce patient harm.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Pandve H. Changing concept of disease prevention: From primordial to quaternary. Arch Med Health Sci 2014; 2(2): 254-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-4848.144366]
[2]
Jamoulle M. Quaternary prevention: First, do not harm. Rev Bras Med Fam Comunidade 2015; 10: 1-3.
[3]
Kuehlein T, Sghedoni D, Visentin G, et al. Quaternary prevention: A task of the general practitioner. Prim Care 2010; 10: 350-4.
[4]
James PB, Wardle J, Steel A, Adams J. Traditional, complementary and alternativemedicine use in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 3(5): 1-18.
[5]
Ashrafian AH, Rabiee SM, Kabir MJ, et al. The viewpoints of managers and executors regarding the use of traditional medicine in the Iranian family physician program. IHJ 2020; 5(2): 13-22.
[6]
Liao L, He Y, Li L, et al. A preliminary review of studies on adaptogens: Comparison of their bioactivity in TCM with that of ginseng-like herbs used worldwide. Chin Med 2018; 13(1): 57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13020-018-0214-9] [PMID: 30479654]
[7]
Yousefi SS, Jokar A, Sadeghpour O. Endogenous gases or wind as important etiology of diseases in persian medicine. J Maz Univ Med 2020; 30(187): 127-42.
[8]
Pearson H, Fleming T, Chhoun P, Tuot S, Brody C, Yi S. Prevalence of and factors associated with utilization of herbal medicines among outpatients in primary health centers in Cambodia. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18(1): 114-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2181-1] [PMID: 29609580]
[9]
Carè J, Steel A, Wardle J. Stakeholder attitudes to the regulation of traditional and complementary medicine professions: A systematic review. Hum Resour Health 2021; 19(1): 42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00579-y] [PMID: 33781297]
[10]
World Health Organization. WHO global report on traditional and complementary medicine. Geneva: World Health Organization 2019.
[11]
Foley H, Steel A, Cramer H, Wardle J, Adams J. Disclosure of complementary medicine use to medical providers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9(1): 1573.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-38279-8] [PMID: 30733573]
[12]
Abdulkhaleq LA, Assi MA, Abdullah R, Zamri-Saad M, Taufiq-Yap YH, Hezmee MNM. The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review. Vet World 2018; 11(5): 627-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.627-635] [PMID: 29915501]
[13]
Andrade C, Gomes NGM, Duangsrisai S, Andrade PB, Pereira DM, Valentão P. Medicinal plants utilized in Thai Traditional Medicine for diabetes treatment: Ethnobotanical surveys, scientific evidence and phytochemicals. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 263: 113177.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113177] [PMID: 32768637]
[14]
Kemppainen LM, Kemppainen TT, Reippainen JA, Salmenniemi ST, Vuolanto PH. Use of complementary and alternative medicine in Europe: Health-related and sociodemographic determinants. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46(4): 448-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494817733869] [PMID: 28975853]
[15]
Pearson H, Fleming T, Chhoun P, Tuot S, Brody C, Yi S. Prevalence of and factors associated with utilization of herbal medicines among outpatients in primary health centers in Cambodia. BMC omplementary and alternative medicine 2018; 18(1): 1-9.
[16]
Chowdhuri PD, Kundu K. Factors determining choice of complementary and alternative medicine in acute and chronic diseases. J Complement Integr Med 2020; 17(3): 20190105.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2019-0105] [PMID: 32061166]
[17]
Ostermann T, Appelbaum S, Poier D, Boehm K, Raak C, Büssing A. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the survival of cancer patients treated with a fermented Viscum album L. extract (iscador): An update of findings. Complement Med Res 2020; 27(4): 260-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505202] [PMID: 31927541]
[18]
Mohajan HK. Qualitative research methodology in social sciences and related subjects. J Econ Dev Environ People 2018; 7(1): 23-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v7i1.571]
[19]
Mehri A, Sadat Hosseini Z, Davarzani A, et al. The role of education in promoting safe motorcycle riding behaviors among iranian students: An application of the protection motivation theory and the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. J Educ Community Health 2022; 9(3): 176-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jech.2022.26]
[20]
Moradi DH, Pakzad A, Fakhari ZM. Designing dietary measures based on persian medicine for individuals with cold and dry temperament. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2021; 14(11): 61-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/qums.14.11.61]
[21]
Aqayani CA. Reconsideration of the principles of medical morality in mohammad ibn zakariya Razi. Research Quarterly in Islamic Ethics 2017; 10(35): 65-78.
[22]
Tajik N, Ghahramani Z, Alamdar Z, Shaabani N, Ayati MH. Preventive measures against epidemics based on the view of Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi. JIITM 2022; 13(2): 155-66.
[23]
Rahbar M, Zarei A, Ranjbar M, Tabarrai M, Shirbeigi L. Etiology, clinical manifestation and natural treatments of psoriasis from the perspective of Persian medicine. Tradit Integr Med 2020; 5(4): 221-9.
[24]
Lamberty P, Imhoff R. Powerful pharma and its marginalized alternatives? Effects of individual differences in conspiracy mentality on attitudes toward medical approaches. Soc Psychol 2018; 49(5): 255-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000347]
[25]
Tangkiatkumjai M, Boardman H, Walker DM. Potential factors that influence usage of complementary and alternative medicine worldwide: A systematic review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20(1): 363.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-03157-2] [PMID: 33228697]
[26]
Amiri-Ardekani E, Nimrouzi M, Sasani N, Asemani O. Futility in complementary and alternative medicine: A critical review from an ethical perspective. IJME 2021; 14(1): 43-7.
[27]
Najjari M, Karimazar M, Ebrahimipour M. A review of ethical issues related to laboratory-based diagnostics. Med Lab J 2022; 16(2): 1-6.
[28]
Taghipour A, Bahrami TH, Hosienzade H, Noras M. Ethical and legal challenges in complementary and alternative medicine. IJME 2016; 9(3): 23-31.
[29]
Mozaffarpur SGA, Shirafkan H, Taghavi M, Mirzapor M. Investigating the difference between principals of Iranian traditional medicine and modern medicine for providing a model for integrated medicine. IHJ 2014; 1(1): 10-5.
[30]
AvicennaAl Qanun Fil Tibb (Arabic). Beirut: Al-Aalami Press 2005; p. 2.
[31]
Sert G, Karatas M. Human rights in health/why patient rights? Med Sci 2021; 10(3): 1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2021.04.114]
[32]
Shams AM, Ardeshir RS, Abedtash H. A glance at use and prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine in other countries based on the last statistical surveys. Jiitm 2011; 2(1): 37-46.
[33]
Davati A, Jafari F, Farahani MS. Determining knowledge and attitude of tehran medical university students on traditional medicine. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2011; 5(S1): 13-8.
[34]
Ansari H, Talebi B, Khadivi A. The challenges of assessing medical educational policies in Iran: A systematic review. SDME 2020; 17(1): 1-8.
[35]
Atashdehghan N, Meraji M, Jamali J, Yousefi M, Fazaeli S. Comparison of the quality of informed consent in angiography patients in selected‎ hospitals in mashhad from the perspective of patients and physicians‎. J Paramed Sci Rehabil 2021; 10(1): 58-70.
[36]
Mohagheghdolatabadi Sh, Fallah MR. Civil responsibility arising from electronic advertising in the field of health in iranian law. MLJ 2022; 16(57): 1-15.
[37]
Tehrani Banihashemi SA, Asgharifard H, Haghdoost AA, Barghmadi M, Mohammadhosseini N. The use of Complementary/Alternative Medicine among the general population in Tehran, Iran. Payesh 2008; 7(4): 355-62.
[38]
Tenner L, Hlubocky FJ, Blanke CD, et al. Let’s talk about those herbs you are taking: Ethical considerations for communication with patients with cancer about complementary and alternative medicine. J Oncol Pract 2019; 15(1): 44-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JOP.18.00432] [PMID: 30629899]
[39]
Pezeshki MZ, Pezeshki S. Educating quaternary prevention (p4) in Iran for decreasing the harms and costs of unnecessary services in clinical medicine and public health. Payesh 2013; 12(4): 329-33.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy