Abstract
Hydrocyclone separator is a widely used equipment in the field of liquid-solid separation due to its simple structure, convenient operation, and high separation efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the working principles, application areas, design optimization, and performance evaluation of hydrocyclone separators, while discussing their future development trends. In addition, particular attention has been given to the aspects related to patents in this study. The focus is on analyzing the structural parameters and flow field characteristics of hydrocyclone separators, as well as the different effects on separation efficiency caused by various hydrocyclone structures and adjustments in hydrocyclone size. The research analysis is conducted on the inlet, cylindrical section, overflow pipe section, cone section, hydrocyclone materials, and other parts, taking into account detailed analysis of operational conditions such as inlet flow rate, pressure drop, separation efficiency, and fluid properties. The future development trend of hydraulic hydrocyclone separators lies in refinement, intelligence, multifunctionality, integration, and energy-saving and environmental protection. In the field of liquid-solid separation, the integration of hydrocyclone separation technology and intelligent devices is becoming increasingly important, and future research will focus on developing new hydrocyclone coupling separation techniques to further improve production efficiency and convenience in daily life. The application prospects are broad, and it is expected to bring significant economic and social benefits to society. It also possesses the potential for patent protection.
Graphical Abstract
[1]
G. Patra, R. Barnwal, S.K. Behera, and B.C. Meikap, "Removal of dyes from aqueous solution by sorption with fly ash using a hydrocyclone", J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 5204-5211, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.08.011]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.08.011]
[2]
B. Xu, M. Jiang, and L. Zhao, "Influence of produced fluid viscosity on the performance of three-phase separation cyclone separator", Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao, vol. 53, no. 08, pp. 175-182, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/JME.2017.08.175]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/JME.2017.08.175]
[3]
L. Huang, S. Deng, Z. Chen, J. Guan, and M. Chen, "Numerical analysis of a novel gas-liquid pre-separation cyclone", Separ. Purif. Tech., vol. 194, pp. 470-479, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.066]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.066]
[4]
J. Zhou, S. Yan, and X. Pan, "Study on the influence of central cone structure on flow field and separation efficiency of hydrocyclone separator", Mineral Conservation and Utilization, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 65-69, 2018.
[5]
L. Zhao, Z. Miao, and W. Liu, "Flow field analysis and structural optimization of an internal-cone oil removal cyclone separator", Chemical Engineering Machinery, vol. 38, no. 02, pp. 202-205, 2011.
[6]
X. Xu, Q. Yang, C. Wang, X. Ge, and H. Wang, "Dissolved gas separation using the pressure drop and centrifugal characteristics of an inner cone hydrocyclone", Separ. Purif. Tech., vol. 161, pp. 121-128, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.006]
[7]
Chen Bo, Xinghua Yang, and Peikun Liu, "Experimental study on separation performance of dual overflow pipe cyclone separator", Light Metals, vol. 475, no. 05, pp. 9-13, 2018.
[8]
P. Liu, Y. Zhao, and X. Yang, "Numerical simulation and experimental study on separation performance of dual overflow pipe cyclone separator", Coal Mine Machinery, vol. 41, no. 02, pp. 40-43, 2020.
[10]
Z.H.A.N.G. Yuekan, L.I.U. Peikun, and J.I.A.N.G. Lanyue, "The study on numerical simulation and experiments of four product hydrocyclone with double vortex finders", Minerals, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 23, 2019.
[11]
H. Liu, W. Ya, and T. Han, "Influence of overflow pipe structure on fine particle separation in hydraulic cyclone separators", Chem. Eng. J., vol. 68, no. 05, pp. 1921-1931, 2017.
[12]
H. Liu, T. Han, and W. Ya, "Influence of novel outlet baffle structure on separation performance of hydraulic cyclone separators", Chem. Eng. J., vol. 69, no. 05, pp. 2081-2088, 2018.
[13]
P. Liu, G. Yang, and X. Yang, "Study on flow characteristics and separation performance of cyclone separators with overflow cap structure", Fluid Machinery, vol. 49, no. 01, pp. 1-6, 2021.
[14]
J. Duan, S. Huang, and G. Chang, "Influence of conical slit on solid-liquid separation performance of hydraulic cyclone separators", Chem. Eng. J., vol. 70, no. 05, pp. 1823-1831, 2019.
[15]
X. Liu, S. Jiang, and S. Chen, "Experimental study on structural optimization of PV-type cyclone separators", China Powder Technology, vol. 25, no. 05, pp. 72-77, 2019.
[16]
X. Liu, J. Chen, and S. Jiang, "Experimental study on structural optimization of cyclone separators", Modern Chemical Industry, vol. 39, no. 12, pp. 205-209, 2019.
[17]
V.V. Ranade, "CFD for centrifugal separators – A review", Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 61, pp. 1435-1460, 2006.
[18]
N. Kharoua, and A. Ghorbel, "Review of separation technology of oil/gas/water emulsions", J. Dispers. Sci. Technol., vol. 30, pp. 772-784, 2009.
[19]
G. Brouwer, "Separation of particles from a fluid flow using a centrifugal separator", Powder Technol., vol. 29, pp. 1-13, 1981.
[20]
J. Chen, X. Zhang, L. Wang, and C. Xie, "Experimental and numerical investigation of the multiphase flow in a hydrocyclone", Chem. Eng. J., vol. 313, pp. 1486-1498, 2017.
[21]
J. Ding, G. Hui, and S. Wang, "Research progress on the application of hydraulic cyclone separator in water treatment field", Environmental Engineering, vol. 39, no. 08, pp. 1-6, 2021.
[22]
Y. Sui, G. Jia, and G. Xu, "Research status and application prospect of hydraulic cyclone separator in coal chemical wastewater treatment", Chin. J. Chem. Eng., vol. 19, no. 02, pp. 235-245, 2019.
[23]
Z. Liu, X. Liu, and Z. Wang, "Experimental study on gas dehydration of cyclone filtration device", Filtr. Sep., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 10-13, 2015.
[24]
G. Zhong, W. Chen, and Y. Peng, "Design and performance study of downhole oil-water membrane separation device", Petroleum Machinery, vol. 48, no. 09, pp. 93-100, 2020.
[25]
L. Zhao, M. Jiang, and D. Sun, "Research progress of cyclone separation technology", Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, no. 10, pp. 1118-1123, 2005.
[26]
C. Bai, C. Wang, and J. Chen, "Experimental study on axial hydraulic cyclone separator for pre-separation of oil well production fluids", Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, vol. 39, no. 05, pp. 1649-1656, 2020.
[27]
W. Wu, and J. Shao, "Development and improvement of combined cyclone separator for light hydrocarbon recovery unit", Petroleum Engineering Construction, vol. 2, pp. 43-45, 2001.
[28]
S. Li, G. Yuan, and S. Yun, "Application of hydraulic cyclone separator in the food industry", Nongye Jixie Xuebao, no. 05, pp. 103-106, 2001.
[29]
Zhentao Hu, Zhanguo Lu, and Changsheng Sun, "Numerical optimization test study on coarse-fine classification cyclone separator in qidashan iron mine", Metal Mine, vol. 539, no. 05, pp. 160-166, 2021.
[30]
Y. Rui, J. Yu, and W. Wang, "Optimization study on structure and process parameters of fine particle classification compound hydraulic cyclone separator", Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao, vol. 53, no. 02, pp. 124-134, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/JME.2017.02.124]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/JME.2017.02.124]
[31]
M. Ghodrat, S.B. Kuang, A.B. Yu, A. Vince, G.D. Barnett, and P.J. Barnett, "Numerical analysis of hydrocyclones with different vortex finder configurations", Miner. Eng., vol. 63, pp. 125-138, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2014.02.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2014.02.003]
[32]
F. Li, P. Liu, X. Yang, Y. Zhang, X. Li, L. Jiang, H. Wang, and W. Fu, "Purification of granular sediments from wastewater using a novel hydrocyclone", Powder Technol., vol. 393, pp. 751-763, 2021.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2021.08.025]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2021.08.025]
[33]
F. Li, P. Liu, X. Yang, and Y. Zhang, "Numerical simulation on the effects of different inlet pipe structures on the flow field and seperation performance in a hydrocyclone", Powder Technol., vol. 373, pp. 254-266, 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2020.06.066]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2020.06.066]
[34]
Guoqing Liu, Yuekan Zhang, and Peikun Liu, "Study on flow field characteristics and separation performance of single and double overflow pipe cyclone separators", Metal Mine, vol. 545, no. 11, pp. 151-157, 2021.
[35]
P. Liu, Z. Shi, and L. Jiang, "Study on separation performance of combined overflow pipe cyclone separator", Fluid Machinery, vol. 50, no. 04, pp. 51-57, 2022.
[36]
Y. Wakizono, T. Maeda, K. Fukui, and H. Yoshida, "Effect of ring shape attached on upper outlet pipe on fine particle classification of gas-cyclone", Separ. Purif. Tech., vol. 141, pp. 84-93, 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2014.11.028]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2014.11.028]
[37]
K-J. Hwang, Y-W. Hwang, and H. Yoshida, "Design of novel hydrocyclone for improving fine particle separation using computational fluid dynamics", Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 85, pp. 62-68, 2013.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2011.12.046]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2011.12.046]
[38]
W. Zhang, D. Li, and X. Liu, "Study on the influence of slotted overflow pipe on separation performance of hydrocyclones", J. Mech. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, no. 06, pp. 857-865, 2023.
[39]
W. Zhang, D. Li, and X. Liu, "Structural optimization and experimental study of hydrocyclones using central composite design", J. Mech. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, no. 07, pp. 993-999, 2023.
[40]
M. Jiang, Z. Ding, and H. Jie, "Comprehensive test research on pressure loss of hydraulic rotor", Petroleum Machinery, no. 11, pp. 18-20, 1999.
[41]
B. Tang, Y. Xu, X. Song, Z. Sun, and J. Yu, "Effect of inlet configuration on hydrocyclone performance", Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 1645-1655, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60187-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60187-0]
[42]
M. Lamskova, M. Filimonov, and A. Novikov, "Modeling of the separation for system the liquid-solid in the battery of hydrocyclones", JPCS, vol. 1278, no. 1, p. 012011, 2019.
[43]
Z. Xie, "The numerical simulation of the separation performance of the particle duct to the spinning filter", In: China University of Petroleum Qingdao, 2015.
[44]
"L. Zhang, L. Wei, B.H. Chang, et al. CFD numerical simulation of Archimedes spiral inlet hydrocyclone", IOP Conference Series: Mat. Sci. Eng., vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 72021-72027, 2013.
[45]
W. Yuan, L. Zhao, and Y. Wang, "etc. The comparative analysis of the numerical simulation of oil and water separation flowers in different entrances", Fluid Machinery, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 22-27, 2017.
[46]
C. Zhang, D. Wei, B. Cui, T. Li, and N. Luo, "Effects of curvature radius on separation behaviors of the hydrocyclone with a tangent-circle inlet", Powder Technol., vol. 305, pp. 156-165, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.10.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.10.002]
[47]
Z. Yue, and G. Jiangbo, "The characteristics and separation performance of multi-imported rotor flow fields", Chem. Prog., vol. 41, no. 01, pp. 86-94, 20222022.
[48]
F.F. Salvador, M.A.S. Barrozo, and L.G.M. Vieira, "Filtering cylindrical–conical hydrocyclone", Particuology, vol. 47, pp. 54-62, 2019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2018.11.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2018.11.003]
[49]
L.G.M. Vieira, D.O. Silva, and M.A.S. Barrozo, "Effect of inlet diameter on the performance of a filtering hydrocyclone separator", Chem. Eng. Technol., vol. 39, no. 8, pp. 1406-1412, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201500724]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201500724]
[50]
M. Ghodrat, S.B. Kuang, A.B. Yu, A. Vince, G.D. Barnett, and P.J. Barnett, "Computational study of the multiphase flow and performance of hydrocyclones:Effects of cyclone size and spigot diameter", Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 52, no. 45, pp. 16019-16031, 2013.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie402267b]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie402267b]
[51]
J.O. Kim, J. Choi, S. Lee, and J. Chung, "Evaluation of hydrocyclone and post-treatment technologies for remediation of contaminated dredged sediments", J. Environ. Manage., vol. 166, pp. 94-102, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.009] [PMID: 26496838]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.009] [PMID: 26496838]
[52]
H. Razmi, A. Soltani Goharrizi, and A. Mohebbi, "CFD simulation of an industrial hydrocyclone based on multiphase particle in cell (MPPIC) method", Separ. Purif. Tech., vol. 209, pp. 851-862, 2019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.06.073]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.06.073]
[53]
X. Yang, "Optimized design and performance research of the structure of the flow filter", In: China Petroleum University Qingdao, 2008.
[54]
Q. Yang, H. Wang, Y. Liu, and Z. Li, "Solid/liquid separation performance of hydrocyclones with different cone combinations", Separ. Purif. Tech., vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 271-279, 2010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2010.06.014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2010.06.014]
[55]
Z. Lixin, L. Feng, and W. Zun, "Research on the characteristics and separation characteristics of hydraulic rotor flow field (2) -The impact on the angle changes on axial speed field", Chemical Equipment Technology, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1-3, 1999.
[56]
M. Ghodrat, S.B. Kuang, A.B. Yu, A. Vince, G.D. Barnett, and P.J. Barnett, "Numerical analysis of hydrocyclones with different conical section designs", Miner. Eng., vol. 62, pp. 74-84, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.12.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.12.003]
[57]
Z. Yong, C. Yin, and Z. Yan, "etc. The impact of liquid sand containing sand on the performance of the shaft into the cone-type hydraulic flow device", Petroleum Machinery, vol. 48, no. 06, pp. 91-97, 2020.
[58]
Weibing Wang, Zhang Ting, and Jingan Feng, "The shrinkable hydraulic rotor. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.", C.N. Patent 105797877B, 2018.
[59]
Y. Rui, J. Jin, and Y. Li, "The study of the characteristics and separation performance of telescopic rotor flow fields", Huazhong Keji Daxue Xuebao, vol. 47, no. 04, pp. 37-43, 2019.
[60]
Kefeng Wei, Zhao Qiang, and Changke Kang, "The impact of the characteristics and separation performance of the two-tapered structure design on the characteristics and separation performance of the streaming field", Metal Mine, vol. 561, no. 3, pp. 214-221, 20172023.
[61]
G. Li, and W. Nie, "Filter hydraulic rotor development and research", Technology Entrepreneurship Monthly, vol. 4, p. 20, 2004.
[62]
Zhijian Wang, Zhenyu Chen, and Xiaofeng Shang, "Research on different rhododes of ringer materials", Mechanical design and manufacturing, vol. 2018, no. S1, pp. 78-80, 2018.
[63]
F.J. Souza, L.G.M. Vieira, J.J.R. Damasceno, and M.A.S. Barrozo, "Analysis of the influence of the filtering medium on the behaviour of the filtering hydrocyclone", Powder Technol., vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 259-267, 2000.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(99)00248-X]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(99)00248-X]
[64]
L.G.M. Vieira, J.J.R. Damasceno, and M.A.S. Barrozo, "Filtration on hydrocyclone of optimized geometric relationships", Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 591-593, pp. 341-346, 2008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.591-593.341]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.591-593.341]
[65]
Xu Xianyu Molly, and Liu Qi, "The rig liquid solid liquid separation rotor wall surface wear characteristics", Lubrication and seal, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 44-51, 2023.
[66]
Wang Yong, Zeng Tao, and Yinxiang Xu, "The effects of solid particles on the erosion and wear characteristics of hydraulic rotors", Flow machinery, vol. 47, no. 05, pp. 50-55, 2017.
[67]
Minghu Jiang, Mengmei Lu, and Baorui Xu, "The research progress of the rotor wear", Chemical Progress, vol. 35, no. s2, pp. 41-45, 2016.
[68]
W. Zhaoshen, "Research and development of high-wear-resistant lining in the flow device", Coal Selection Technology, vol. 2005, no. 3, pp. 1-3, 2005.
[69]
W. Zhaoshen, "Research on the service life of large-scale heavy-duty rotors", Coal selection technology, vol. 2006, no. S1, pp. 23-26, 2006.
[70]
L A Cisternas, F A Lucay, and Y L Botero, "Trends in modeling, design and optimization of multiphase systems in minerals processing", Minerals, vol. 2019, no. 1, 2019.
[71]
Liu He, Xinyong Jia, and Wang Bo, "The simulation research on the impact of the performance of the whirlwind separator of the overflow pipes on the puzzle separator", Flow Machinery, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 6-10, 2020.
[72]
Jianxiang Zheng, and Tianhe Zhou, "Circular air exhaust pipe induction radius optimized numerical simulation", Fluid Machinery, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 28-32, 2015.
[73]
Yamei Lan, Tingting Zhang, and Shiming Wang, "Analysis of the impact of the structure parameters of the rotor", Chemical Machinery, vol. 48, no. 05, pp. 678-682, 2021.
[74]
L. Yu, X. Zou, and T. Hong, "etc. The three-dimensional number of water and sand movement based on CFD-DEM coupling hydraulic rotor streaming device", Mashin/Ha-Yi Kishavarzi, vol. 47, no. 01, pp. 126-132, 2016.
[75]
D. Hui, K. Wu, and Y. Kuang, "Research on the separation of hydropose-based plasma based on DEM-CFD hydraulic rotor", Zhejiang University J., vol. 52, no. 09, pp. 1811-1820, 2018.
[76]
Q. Duty, G. Haifeng, and C. Ling, "The impact of the structure of the cone section structure of the double-field coupling separation device on oil-water separation", Petroleum J., vol. 38, no. 02, pp. 404-413, 2022.
[77]
L.G.M. Vieira, B.C. Silvério, J.J.R. Damasceno, and M.A.S. Barrozo, "Performance of hydrocyclones with different geometries", Can. J. Chem. Eng., vol. 89, no. 4, pp. 655-662, 2011.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20461]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20461]
[78]
L.G.M. Vieira, J.J.R. Damasceno, and M.A.S. Barrozo, "Improvement of hydrocyclone separation performance by incorporating a conical filtering wall", Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 460-467, 2010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2010.03.011]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2010.03.011]
[79]
L. Ren, L. Zheng, and L. Liping, "Filter hydraulic rotor plan design", J. Southwest, vol. 2005, no. 01, pp. 82-85, 2005.
[80]
K. Wei, Y. Yue, and A. Ran, "A kind of hydraulic rotor with a guide groove and backwater.", C.N. Patent 113814076B, 2023.
[81]
K. Chen, T. Ma, and D. Hui, "The effect of the separation efficiency of the granular entrance and particle size on the spinner", Chem. Eng., vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 50-55, 2019.
[82]
Y. Jiang, "The working efficiency analysis and parameter optimization of hydraulic rotor based on uniform test", Railw. Eng. Sci., vol. 19, no. 08, pp. 2428-2436, 2022.
[83]
Liu Yang, and Zhenbo Wang, "The research progress of the influencing factors of the separation efficiency of hydraulic rotors", Flow machinery, vol. 44, no. 02, pp. 39-42, 20162016.
[84]
Liu Yang, "Rotary flow-filtering coupling separator's flow field characteristics and oil and water separation mechanism Study", In: Northeast Petroleum University, 2022.
[85]
Shuxin Chen, Donglai Li, and Xiulin Liu, "A kind of cone-shaped overflow pipe opening seam hydraulic rotor.", C.N. Patent
115722353A, 2023.
[86]
Shuxin Chen, and Donglai Li, "A kind of gradient overflow pipe open sewing hydraulic rotor.", C.N. Patent 115722354A, 2023.
[87]
Qingshan Huang, and Xiao Hang, "A hydraulic rotor of a cone-opening seam structure.", C.N. Patent 109225687B, 2021.
[88]
B. Ericsson, J. Backman, and R. Beckvick, "Hydraulic cyclone with improved fluid injection device.", C.N. Patent 115867703A, 2023.
[89]
X. Zhang, "Water filtration device with built-in pressure hydrocyclone.", C.N. Patent 217868165U, 2022.
[90]
S. Wang, L. Zhu, and J. Wang, "Hydraulic cyclone with air column suppression.", C.N. Patent 217093960U, 2022.
[91]
B. Cui, Q. Zhao, and C. Kang, "Automatic monitoring and control system for hydraulic cyclones.", C.N. Patent 110270442B, 2021.
Related Books
Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications
Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications
Facets of a Smart City: Computational and Experimental Techniques for Sustainable Urban Development
Soft Robotics
Voltammetry for Sensing Applications
Advances in Manufacturing Technologies and Production Engineering
Advances in Additive Manufacturing Processes
Lean Management Solutions for Contemporary Manufacturing Operations
Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications
Global Emerging Innovation Summit (GEIS-2021)
