Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Women`s Health Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4048
ISSN (Online): 1875-6581

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Essential Herbal Plants for the Clinical Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Patents for the Same

Author(s): Komal Rao, Nidhi Bansal, Nikita Yadav and Neha Minocha*

Volume 20, Issue 4, 2024

Published on: 08 September, 2023

Article ID: e260623218244 Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1573404820666230626110413

Price: $65

Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in females with excessive hormonal levels, but a reasonable cause is unknown. For PCOS, various pharmaceutical therapies have been offered, like oral contraceptive pills (which balance hormonal imbalances). PCOS is commonly used as an alternative to PCOD (Polycystic Ovary Disease). Although a part of the implicated mechanism in the occurrence of PCOS has been discovered, the specific etiology and pathophysiology are still unknown. Many types of complementary medicines are used to treat PCOD, and herbal medicines are one of them. Medical herbs have long been utilized to manage PCOS in women's gynecological and reproductive issues. This review article discusses the importance of herbal medicines and lifestyle modifications for PCOD patients. Many clinical studies proved that herbs like liquorice, cinnamon, Unkei-to, and fenugreek are helpful in PCOD management by improving hormone levels, ovulatory dysfunctions, obesity, and insulin resistance in the body. This review explores the natural plants that can be used to treat the disease naturally. The herbs can be used either alone or in combination.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14(5): 270-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2018.24] [PMID: 29569621]
[2]
Hoeger KM, Dokras A, Piltonen T. Update on PCOS: Consequences, challenges, and guiding treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106(3): e1071-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa839] [PMID: 33211867]
[3]
Javed MN, Dahiya ES, Ibrahim AM, Alam M, Khan FA, Pottoo FH. Recent advancement in clinical application of nanotechnological approached targeted delivery of herbal drugs Nanophytomedicine. Singapore: Springer 2020; pp. 151-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4909-0_9]
[4]
Kumar A, Walia H, Pottoo FH, Javed M. Insights of nanophytomedicines as a combinatorial therapy in disease diagnosis and treatment Nanophytomedicine. Singapore: Springer 2020; pp. 113-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4909-0_7]
[5]
Waziri A, Bharti C, Aslam M, et al. Probiotics for the chemoprotective role against the toxic effect of cancer chemotherapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22(4): 654-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520621666210514000615]
[6]
Minocha N, Sharma N, Pandey P. Wheatgrass: An epitome of nutritional value. Curr Nutr Food Sci 2022; 18(1): 22-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210906140834]
[7]
Kaleem M, Alhosin M, Khan K, et al. Epigenetic basis of polyphenols in cancer prevention and therapy. In: Polyphenols-based Nanotherapeutics for Cancer Management. Singapore: Springer 2021; pp. 189-238.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4935-6_6]
[8]
Arentz S, Abbott JA, Smith CA, Bensoussan A. Herbal medicine for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated oligo/amenorrhoea and hyperandrogenism; A review of the laboratory evidence for effects with corroborative clinical findings. BMC Complement Altern Med 2014; 14(1): 511.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-511] [PMID: 25524718]
[9]
Anjali CS, George M, Das P, Soji S. PCOD in female reproductive age- A review. World J Pharm Res 2019; 9(1): 677-84.
[10]
Ghafarzadeh M. Polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility: From molecular perspective. Curr Womens Health Rev 2020; 16(3): 182-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573404816999200408122039]
[11]
Minocha N. Polycystic ovarian disease or polycystic ovarian syndrome: How to identify and manage - A review. Arch Pharma Pract 2020; 11(2): 97-101.
[12]
Poordast T, Alborzi T, Askari E, et al. A rare case of tubo-ovarian abscess by enterococcus SPP, following intrauterine insemination. Int J Pharm Phytopharm Res 2019; 9(2): 32-5.
[13]
Alam M, Javed MN, Najmi AK, Ahmad FJ, Imam SS, Akhtar M. Thymoquinone lipid nanoparticles cut the gordian knots of depression via neuroprotective BDNF and downregulation of neuro-inflammatory NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS Treated Rats. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 22(12): 978-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200222666211108101531] [PMID: 34749619]
[14]
Javed N, Pottoo FH, Barreto GE. Nano-nutraceuticals dietary supplements for athletes: An eminent approach for managing traumatic brain injuries. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022; 15(1): 1-2.
[PMID: 35048803]
[15]
Reyes-Muñoz E, Sathyapalan T, Rossetti P, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Implication for drug metabolism on assisted reproductive techniques - A literature review. Adv Ther 2018; 35(11): 1805-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12325-018-0810-1] [PMID: 30311070]
[16]
Abasian Z, Rostamzadeh A, Mohammadi M, Hosseini M, Rafieian-kopaei M. A review on role of medicinal plants in polycystic ovarian syndrome: Pathophysiology, neuroendocrine signaling, therapeutic status and future prospects. Middle East Fertil Soc J 2018; 23(4): 255-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2018.04.005]
[17]
Hunter MH, Sterrett JJ. Polycystic ovary syndrome: It’s not just infertility. Am Fam Physician 2000; 62(5): 1079-1088, 1090.
[PMID: 10997532]
[18]
Insler V, Lunenfeld B. Polycystic ovarian disease: A challenge and controversy. Gynecol Endocrinol 1990; 4(1): 51-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09513599009030691] [PMID: 2186596]
[19]
Chéreau DA. Memoirs for use in the study of diseases of the ovaries. First report containing: 1° the anatomical and physiological considerations; (2) agenesis and conformational defects of the ovaries; 3° acute inflammation of the ovaries, acute ovaritis. 1844.
[20]
Szydlarska D, Machaj M, Jakimiuk A. History of discovery of polycystic ovary syndrome. Adv Clin Exp Med 2017; 26(3): 555-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17219/acem/61987] [PMID: 28791833]
[21]
Farquhar C. Introduction and history of polycystic ovary syndrome. In: Kovacs G, Norman R, Eds. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2007; pp. 4-24.
[22]
Várbíró S, Takács I. Tűű L, et al Effects of Vitamin D on fertility, pregnancy and polycystic ovary syndrome-A review. Nutrients 2022; 14(8): 1649.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14081649] [PMID: 35458211]
[23]
Grundy SM. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and coronary atherosclerosis. Circulation 2002; 105(23): 2696-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000020650.86137.84] [PMID: 12057978]
[24]
Fauser B. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81(1): 19-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004] [PMID: 14711538]
[25]
Chaney P. Are the Rotterdam Criteria Still Relevant in PCOS Diagnoses? Weighing the Consensus' Current Relevance 2020. Available from: https://www.volusonclub.net/empowered-womens-health/are-the-rotterdam-criteria-still-relevant-in-pcos-diagnoses-weighing-the-consensus-current-relevance/
[26]
Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004; 19(1): 41-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh098] [PMID: 14688154]
[27]
Smet ME, McLennan A. Rotterdam criteria, the end. Australas J Ultrasound Med 2018; 21(2): 59-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajum.12096] [PMID: 34760503]
[28]
Prathap A, Subhalakshmi TP, Varghese PJ. A cross-sectional study on the proportion of anxiety and depression and determinants of quality of life in polycystic ovarian disease. Indian J Psychol Med 2018; 40(3): 257-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_221_17] [PMID: 29875533]
[29]
Tay CT, Hart RJ, Hickey M, et al. Updated adolescent diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: Impact on prevalence and longitudinal body mass index trajectories from birth to adulthood. BMC Med 2020; 18(1): 389.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01861-x] [PMID: 33302955]
[30]
Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Papalou O, Kandaraki E. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and PCOS: A novel contributor in the etiology of the syndrome, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. In: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Challenging Issues in the Modern Era of Individualized Medicine.Elsevier 2022; pp. 227-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823045-9.00015-8]
[31]
Akın L, Kendirci M, Narin F, Kurtoğlu S, Hatipoğlu N, Elmalı F. Endocrine disruptors and polycystic ovary syndrome: Phthalates. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020; 12(4): 393-400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2020.2020.0037] [PMID: 32431137]
[32]
Šimková M, Vítků J, Kolátorová L. et al. Endocrine disruptors, obesity, and cytokines - how relevant are they to PCOS? Physiol Res 2020; 69(2): S279-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.934521] [PMID: 33094626]
[33]
Pivonello C, Muscogiuri G, Nardone A, et al. Bisphenol A: An emerging threat to female fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18(1): 22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-019-0558-8] [PMID: 32171313]
[34]
Palioura E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2015; 16(4): 365-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11154-016-9326-7] [PMID: 26825073]
[35]
Zhu T, Goodarzi MO. Causes and consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome: Insights from mendelian randomization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107(3): e899-911.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab757] [PMID: 34669940]
[36]
Women's Health Medical Reference. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/women/medical-reference/default.htm
[37]
Ye W, Xie T, Song Y, Zhou L. The role of androgen and its related signals in PCOS. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25(4): 1825-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16205] [PMID: 33369146]
[38]
Sanchez-Garrido MA, Tena-Sempere M. Metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathogenic role of androgen excess and potential therapeutic strategies. Mol Metab 2020; 35: 100937.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.001] [PMID: 32244180]
[39]
Zeng X, Xie Y, Liu Y, Long S, Mo Z. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 502(502): 214-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.003] [PMID: 31733195]
[40]
Bulun SE, Takayama K, Suzuki T, Sasano H, Yilmaz B, Sebastian S. Organization of the human aromatase p450 (CYP19) gene. Semin Reprod Med 2004; 22(1): 5-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-823022] [PMID: 15083376]
[41]
Khan MJ, Ullah A, Basit S. Genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Current perspectives. Appl Clin Genet 2019; 12: 249-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TACG.S200341] [PMID: 31920361]
[42]
Rooney S, Pendry B. Phytotherapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome: A review of the literature and evaluation of practitioners’ experiences. J Herb Med 2014; 4(3): 159-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2014.05.001]
[43]
Rashid R, Mir SA, Kareem O, et al. Polycystic ovarian syndrome-current pharmacotherapy and clinical implications. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61(1): 40-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjog.2021.11.009] [PMID: 35181044]
[44]
Iervolino M, Lepore E, Forte G, Laganà AS, Buzzaccarini G, Unfer V. Natural molecules in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): An analytical review. Nutrients 2021; 13(5): 1677.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051677] [PMID: 34063339]
[45]
Dunaif A. Drug insight: Insulin-sensitizing drugs in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome-a reappraisal. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2008; 4(5): 272-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0787] [PMID: 18364705]
[46]
Legro RS. Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, Eds. Endotext South Dartmouth (MA): MDTextcom, Inc. 2000.
[47]
Tosi F, Fiers T, Kaufman JM, et al. Implications of androgen assay accuracy in the phenotyping of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101(2): 610-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2807] [PMID: 26695861]
[48]
Zimmerman Y, Eijkemans MJC, Coelingh Bennink HJT, Blankenstein MA, Fauser BCJM. The effect of combined oral contraception on testosterone levels in healthy women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20(1): 76-105.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmt038] [PMID: 24082040]
[49]
Dayani Siriwardene SA, Karunathilaka LPA, Kodituwakku ND, Karunarathne YAUD. Clinical efficacy of ayurveda treatment regimen on subfertility with poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Ayu 2010; 31(1): 24-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-8520.68203] [PMID: 22131680]
[50]
Robertshawe P. Botanical medicine for women’s health. J Aust Tradit-Med Soc 2010; 16(3): 174-5.
[51]
Romm A. Botanical medicine for women’s health E-book. Elsevier Health Sciences 2017.
[52]
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Impact of Flaxseed Supplementation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00693082, 2008.
[53]
Wang JG, Anderson RA, Graham GM III, et al. The effect of cinnamon extract on insulin resistance parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot study. Fertil Steril 2007; 88(1): 240-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.082] [PMID: 17296187]
[54]
Dou L, Zheng Y, Li L, et al. The effect of cinnamon on polycystic ovary syndrome in a mouse model. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16(1): 99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0418-y] [PMID: 30340496]
[55]
Chen JT, Tominaga K, Sato Y, Anzai H, Matsuoka R. Maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) extract induces ovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A possible monotherapy and a combination therapy after failure with first-line clomiphene citrate. J Altern Complement Med 2010; 16(12): 1295-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2009.0696] [PMID: 21034160]
[56]
Karampoor P, Azarnia M, Mirabolghasemi G, Alizadeh F. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed on serum levels of sexual hormones in female wistar rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). J Arak Univ Med Sci 2014; 17(5): 70-8.
[57]
Wang T, Xue B, Shao H, et al. Effect of Dandelion extracts on the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells and expression of hormone receptors. Chin Med J 2018; 131(14): 1694-701.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.235864] [PMID: 29998889]
[58]
Ashkar F, Rezaei S, Salahshoornezhad S, et al. The role of medicinal herbs in treatment of insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A literature review. Biomol Concepts 2020; 11(1): 57-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2020-0005]
[59]
Pandey AK, Gupta A, Tiwari M, et al. Impact of stress on female reproductive health disorders: Possible beneficial effects of shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103: 46-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.003] [PMID: 29635127]
[60]
Moini JA, Nasimi DAH, Nasimi DAA, Nasimi DAR. A comprehensive review of clinical studies with herbal medicine on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Daru 2019; 27(2): 863-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00312-0] [PMID: 31741280]
[61]
Thakur D, Saurabh Singh DS, Tripathi DM, Lufang D. Effect of yoga on polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27: 281-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.018] [PMID: 34391246]
[62]
Ayurvedic remedies made simple. Nirogram. Available from: https://nirogam.com/blogs/news/yoga-for-pcos-14-yogasanas-for-pcos-treatment
[63]
10 Yoga for PCOS: Steps to follow and Yoga Tips for PCOD. Available from: https://www.wellcurve.in/blog/yoga-poses-asanas-for-pcos/
[64]
Can Yoga Relieve Symptoms of PCOS? Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/yoga-for-pcos#yoga-and-anxiety
[65]
Swaroop A, Jaipuriar AS, Gupta SK, et al. Efficacy of a novel fenugreek seed extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum, FurocystTM) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Int J Med Sci 2015; 12(10): 825-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.13024] [PMID: 26516311]
[66]
Kumarapeli M, Karunagoda KP, Perera PK. A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of satapushpashatavari powered drug with satapushpa-shatavari grita for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). IJPSR 2018; 9(6): 2494-9.
[67]
Kort DH, Lobo RA. Preliminary evidence that cinnamon improves menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 211(5): 487.e1-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.05.009] [PMID: 24813595]
[68]
Chan CCW, Koo MWL, Ng EHY, Tang OS, Yeung WSB, Ho PC. Effects of Chinese green tea on weight, and hormonal and biochemical profiles in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome - A randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Soc Gynecol Investig 2006; 13(1): 63-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2005.10.006] [PMID: 16378915]
[69]
Ushiroyama T, Ikeda A, Sakai M, et al. Effects of unkei-to, an herbal medicine, on endocrine function and ovulation in women with high basal levels of luteinizing hormone secretion. J Reprod Med 2001; 46(5): 451-6.
[PMID: 11396371]
[70]
Borzoei A, Rafraf M, Niromanesh S, Farzadi L, Narimani F, Doostan F. Effects of cinnamon supplementation on antioxidant status and serum lipids in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 8(1): 128-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.04.008] [PMID: 29322000]
[71]
Naeimi SA, Tansaz M, Sohrabvand F, Hajimehdipoor H, Nabimeybodi R, Saber S. Assessing the effect of processed Nigella sativa on oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A pilot study. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2018; 9(11): 4716-22.
[72]
Tominaga K, Anzai H, Zhuang C. Therapeutic Agent for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). U.S. Patent 11/573,726, 2007.
[73]
Sharma A, Tewari K. Single herb extract for the treatment of PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome). U.S. Patent 15/524,757, 2017.
[74]
Lunenfeld B. Kit for use in treatment of polycystic ovarian disease. U.S. Patent 6,492,177, 2002.
[75]
Merck Serono SA. Treatment of polycystic ovarian disease. U.S. Patent 6489288B1, 1994.
[76]
Thys-Jacobs S. Method of treating polycystic ovarian syndrome. U.S. Patent 6,034,075, 2000.
[77]
Shandong Danhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. Medicine for regulating endocrine function of woman. C.N. Patent 1051930C, 1994.
[78]
Sjögren HU, Pedersen C. Stable liquid gonadotropin formulation. W.O. Patent 2017144659A1, 2016.
[79]
Sobotka P. Ovarian neuromodulation and associated systems and methods. U.S. Patent 10,874,455, 2020.
[80]
Brady C, Mousa SS, Mousa SA. Polycystic ovary syndrome and its impact on women’s quality of life: More than just an endocrine disorder. Drug Healthc Patient Saf 2009; 1: 9-15.
[PMID: 21701605]
[81]
Griffin McCook J, Reame NE, Thatcher SS. Health-related quality of life issues in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2005; 34(1): 12-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884217504272945] [PMID: 15673641]
[82]
Coffey S, Bano G, Mason HD. Health-related quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A comparison with the general population using the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Questionnaire (PCOSQ) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Gynecol Endocrinol 2006; 22(2): 80-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09513590600604541] [PMID: 16603432]
[83]
Jones GL, Benes K, Clark TL, et al. The polycystic ovary syndrome health‐related quality of life questionnaire (PCOSQ): A validation. Hum Reprod 2004; 19(2): 371-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh048] [PMID: 14747184]
[84]
Cronin L, Guyatt G, Griffith L, et al. Development of a health-related quality-of-life questionnaire (PCOSQ) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83(6): 1976-87.
[PMID: 9626128]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy