Current Medicinal Insights on Synthetic Small Molecules and Natural
Origin Products as PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors

Shivanshu      Pandey; Balak   Das   Kurmi; Preeti      Patel
doi:10.2174/1568026623666230417111616
Abstract

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Each year, millions of people are diagnosed with cancer; hence, researchers have always been curious and busy developing cancer treatments. Despite thousands of studies, cancer is still a major threat to human beings. One of the mechanisms through which cancer invades a human being is the immune escape mechanism, which has been the focus of studies in the past years. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a major role in this immune escape. Therefore, research focusing on blocking this pathway has led to the discovery of molecules based on monoclonal antibodies that work quite well, but despite the successful application of monoclonal antibodies as inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, there are some drawbacks, such as poor bioavailability and several immune-related adverse effects, which have led the researchers toward further investigation, thereby resulting in the discovery of different types of molecules, such as small molecule inhibitors, PROTAC-based molecules, and naturally derived peptide molecules that function as inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Here, in this review, we have summarized recent findings of these molecules and focused on their structural activity relationship. The development of these molecules has opened more prospects in cancer therapy.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026623666230417111616	Print ISSN 1568-0266
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-4294
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Current Medicinal Insights on Synthetic Small Molecules and Natural Origin Products as PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors

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