The Role of Theragnostics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of the
Last 12 Years

Michele      Balma; Virginia      Liberini; Ambra      Buschiazzo; Manuela      Racca; Alessio      Rizzo; Daniele   Giovanni   Nicolotti; Riccardo      Laudicella; Natale      Quartuccio; Michelangelo      Longo; Giorgia      Perlo; Enzo      Terreno; Ronan      Abgral; Martin      William Huellner; Alberto      Papaleo; Désirée      Deandreis
doi:10.2174/1573405619666230216114748
Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with high morbidity and mortality. Molecular alterations in breast cancer involve the expression or upregulation of various molecular targets that can be used for diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging and radiopharmaceutical treatment. Theragnostics is based on the binding of radionuclides to molecular targets. These radionuclides can induce a cytotoxic effect on the specific tumor cell (target) or its vicinity, thus allowing a personalized approach to patients with effective treatment and comparably small side effects.
Aim: This review aims to describe the most promising molecular targets currently under investigation for theragnostics and precision oncology in breast cancer.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search of studies on theragnostics in breast cancer was performed in the PubMed, PMC, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases, between 2010 and 2022, using the following terms: breast neoplasm*, breast, breast cancer*, theragnostic*, theranostic*, radioligand therap*, RLT, MET, FLT, FMISO, FES, estradiol, trastuzumab, PD-L1, PSMA, FAPI, FACBC, fluciclovine, FAZA, GRPR, DOTATOC, DOTATATE, CXC4, endoglin, gastrin, mucin1, and syndecan1.
Results: Fifty-three studies were included in the systematic review and summarized in six clinical sections: 1) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); 2) somatostatin receptors (SSTRS); 3) prostate-specific membrane antigen radiotracers (PSMA); 4) fibroblast activation protein-α targeted radiotracers; 5) gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-targeted radiotracers; 6) other radiotracers for theragnostics.
Conclusion: The theragnostic approach will progressively allow better patient selection, and improve the prediction of response and toxicity, avoiding unnecessary and costly treatment.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405619666230216114748	Print ISSN 1573-4056
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Current Medical Imaging

The Role of Theragnostics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Last 12 Years

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