Abstract
Background: A novel coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak causing infectious respiratory disorders. COVID-19 disease has no specific treatment. In traditional medicinal system, different formulations are available for infectious diseases.
Objective: This review discusses the significance and utilization of Siddha and Ayurvedic herbal formulations for COVID-19 treatment and provides scientific information regarding the phytochemistry and pharmacological profiles of Indian medicinal plants used in the formulation.
Methods: The information on medicine and medicinal plants was collected from research papers, review papers, and books available in several electronic databases, including Google Scholar, SpringerLink, and PubMed was explored as information sources.
Results: Traditional medicinal plants are potentially used in formulations due to their inevitable therapeutic properties. Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of medicinal plants used in the formulations served as scientific proof for traditional medicine.
Conclusion: The present study explored the great importance of Siddha and Ayurvedic formulations for COVID-19 treatment. Further scientific investigations are required to explore these formulations as widely acceptable.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.578970] [PMID: 33737875]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433] [PMID: 32113704]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.21893]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v4i3.31226] [PMID: 20161896]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10082-02256]
[PMID: 32527713]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3578294]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2018.7109]
[PMID: 32382220]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9050161] [PMID: 31035513]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1298] [PMID: 14750194]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.59826] [PMID: 21829300]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v2i1.54]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(97)00037-8] [PMID: 9201614]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5112] [PMID: 24395464]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13596-021-00565-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041176] [PMID: 32325895]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.034] [PMID: 29288826]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.007] [PMID: 29709412]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100081]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2021-1(34)]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1499074] [PMID: 30040448]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2018.1.2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i3.31352]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.027] [PMID: 29803568]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2020.9607]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11040348] [PMID: 33923529]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570193X14666170721143041] [PMID: 29503600]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23020342] [PMID: 29414842]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6076] [PMID: 29671907]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijpsm.2021.v06i04.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-4385.2017.00025.5]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20760]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104675] [PMID: 32561421]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193473] [PMID: 31557828]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2020.12.241]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0043933918000235]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9010119] [PMID: 31963590]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.04.001] [PMID: 29321986]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.11.002] [PMID: 30302329]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12715] [PMID: 28266011]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.171] [PMID: 30827604]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2017.6211]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2017.3.51]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.015] [PMID: 30884305]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2017.070102]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3013-0702014358]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-017-9505-5]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.012] [PMID: 28499243]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112244] [PMID: 31541721]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2019/v30i330176]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00859-2] [PMID: 32943821]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.11.004] [PMID: 28725631]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.12.012]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111393] [PMID: 33761610]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030352] [PMID: 32106571]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113593] [PMID: 33217516]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12890] [PMID: 29484653]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112609] [PMID: 32007632]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2018.07.002] [PMID: 30007830]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2020.12.237]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2018.8721]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051454] [PMID: 33800104]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.25135/rnp.13.16.12.585]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112608] [PMID: 32004627]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22061019] [PMID: 28629185]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-020-01285-4] [PMID: 33206347]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13596-019-00363-3]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100404] [PMID: 32983848]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.03.048]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5825] [PMID: 28512988]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112255] [PMID: 31568819]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1565489] [PMID: 30740986]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.017] [PMID: 28012394]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00271-7]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.582506] [PMID: 33708108]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113592] [PMID: 33217520]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/phyto.v9i4.8116]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30182-8_23]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13659-019-0201-6] [PMID: 30868423]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v17i2.39184]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6657] [PMID: 32147928]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1-s.4739]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02437] [PMID: 31701036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8848676]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10050752] [PMID: 32408715]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2017/33575]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5909] [PMID: 28948657]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-017-9504-6]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/flora.2020.v8.i6a.705]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i11.19613]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112950] [PMID: 32450235]