Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Diabetes Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Author(s): Mousab Yousef Al Ayed*, Mutasem Ababneh, Asirvatham Alwin Robert, Maha Al-Musalum, Daniyah Sabrery, Maysa Amer, Abdulghani Al Saeed and Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish

Volume 19, Issue 7, 2023

Published on: 18 January, 2023

Article ID: e141122210875 Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666221114105817

Price: $65

conference banner
Abstract

Background and Aims: Neuropathy is the most prevalent among diabetes-related microvascular complications, of which distal symmetric polyneuropathy is very extensive. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and risk factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) among Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This study included 238 patients with T2D, between 18 and 80 years of age. Using a structured questionnaire, data on the sociodemographic characters of the study group and laboratory tests were collected. Distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes was identified using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI).

Results: In this cohort, 66 patients (27.7%) had positive MNSI questionnaire scores (≥ 7) and 90 (37.8%) patients had positive examination scores (≥ 2.5). From the patient's perception, patients on oral plus insulin treatment exhibited a higher risk for DPN (OR 2.95; p = 0.018) than those who received only oral treatment and an ulcer in an earlier period exhibited a higher risk for DPN (OR: 3.25; p = 0.005). From the health professionals’ perception, more females than males showed a high risk for DPN (OR: 3.92; p = 0004). Likewise, compared to the patients in the age group of <50 years, those in the age group of ≥50 years revealed a high risk for DPN (OR 6.30; p = 0.009). Further, patients on oral and insulin treatments were at greater risk for DPN (OR: 3.71; p = 0.024); patients experiencing complications like prior ulcers, and high-density lipoprotein also exhibited higher risk than the patients who lacked them.

Conclusion: Diabetes neuropathy is one of the most common complications of microangiopathy experienced by patients with T2D in Saudi Arabia. The risks for DPN among patients with T2D can be reduced with the implementation of focused and evidence-based interventions.

[1]
World Heath Organization. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
[2]
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Diabetes Atlas. (Tenth Edition.), 2021. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org/
[3]
Abdulaziz Al Dawish M, Alwin Robert A, Braham R, et al. Diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: A review of the recent literature. Curr Diabetes Rev 2016; 12(4): 359-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399811666150724095130] [PMID: 26206092]
[4]
Robert A, Al Dawish M, Braham R, Musallam M, Al Hayek A, Al Kahtany N. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: Major challenges and possible solutions. Curr Diabetes Rev 2016; 13(1): 59-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399812666160126142605] [PMID: 26813972]
[5]
Robert AA, Al Dawish MA. The worrying trend of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: An urgent call to action. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16(3): 204-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18756417OTg2dNzMaTcVY] [PMID: 31146665]
[6]
Robert AA, Al Dawish MA. Microvascular complications among patients with diabetes: An emerging health problem in Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Vascul Dis Res 2019; 16(3): 227-35.
[7]
Alaboud AF, Tourkmani AM, Alharbi TJ, et al. Microvascular and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetic mellitus in Central, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2016; 37(12): 1408-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2016.12.17062] [PMID: 27874160]
[8]
Feldman EL, Callaghan BC, Pop-Busui R, et al. Diabetic neuropathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2019; 5(1): 41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0092-1] [PMID: 31197153]
[9]
Vinik A, Casellini C, Nevoret ML. Diabetic neuropathies. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc. 2000.Available from:. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279175/
[10]
Shriraam V, Mahadevan S, Anitharani M, et al. Reported hypoglycemia in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Prevalence and practices-a hospital-based study. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017; 21(1): 148-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.196002] [PMID: 28217515]
[11]
Cernea S, Raz I. Management of diabetic neuropathy. Metabolism 2021; 123: 154867.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154867] [PMID: 34411554]
[12]
Alexiadou K, Doupis J. Management of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Ther 2012; 3(1): 4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-012-0004-9] [PMID: 22529027]
[13]
Yan P, Tang Q, Wu Y, et al. Serum albumin was negatively associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13(1): 100.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00718-4] [PMID: 34526116]
[14]
Al-Ayed M, Moosa SR, Robert AA, Al Dawish M. Anxiety, depression and their associated risk factors among patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A two center cross-sectional study in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15(1): 237-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.12.034] [PMID: 33450532]
[15]
Al Ayed M, Ababneh M, Alwin Robert A, et al. Factors associated with health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2020; 12(6): e8658.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8658] [PMID: 32699658]
[16]
Herman WH, Pop-Busui R, Braffett BH, et al. Use of the michigan neuropathy screening instrument as a measure of distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy in type 1 diabetes: Results from the diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications. Diabet Med 2012; 29(7): 937-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03644.x] [PMID: 22417277]
[17]
Mete T, Aydin Y, Saka M, et al. Comparison of efficiencies of michigan neuropathy screening instrument, neurothesiometer, and electromyography for diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013: 1-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/821745] [PMID: 23818897]
[18]
Amelia R, Wahyuni AS, Yunanda Y. Diabetic neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at amplas primary health care in Medan city. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7(20): 3400-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.433] [PMID: 32002061]
[19]
Pop-Busui R, Boulton AJM, Feldman EL, et al. Diabetic neuropathy: A position statement by the american diabetes association. Diabetes Care 2017; 40(1): 136-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2042] [PMID: 27999003]
[20]
Suri MH, Haddani H, Sinulingga S. The relationship between characteristics, hyperglycemia, and nerve damage in diabetic neuropathy patients at RSMH Palembang for the period January 1, 2013 to November 30 2014. J Med Heal 2015; 2(3): 305-10.
[21]
Jasmine A. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a rural health centre in South India. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021; 41(2): 293-300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00885-6]
[22]
Lu Y, Xing P, Cai X, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients from 14 countries: Estimates of the interpret-dd study. Front Public Health 2020; 8: 534372.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.534372] [PMID: 33194943]
[23]
Caro XJ, Galbraith RG. Evidence of peripheral large nerve involvement in fibromyalgia: A retrospective review of EMG and nerve conduction findings in 55 FM subjects. Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 5(2): 104-10.
[24]
Jaiswal M, Divers J, Dabelea D, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: Search for diabetes in youth study. Diabetes Care 2017; 40(9): 1226-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc17-0179] [PMID: 28674076]
[25]
Cai Z, Yang Y, Zhang J. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the serum lipid profile in prediction of diabetic neuropathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11(1): 499.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79276-0] [PMID: 33436718]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy