Aminopeptidases in Cancer, Biology and Prospects for Pharmacological
Intervention

Sarah   A.   Holstein; Caroline   A.   Heckman; Faith   E.   Davies; Gareth   J.   Morgan; Stefan   Svensson   Gelius; Fredrik      Lehmann
doi:10.2174/1568009622666220623112605
Abstract

Aminopeptidases, which catalyze the cleavage of amino acids from the amino terminus of proteins, are widely distributed in the natural world and play a crucial role in cellular processes and functions, including metabolism, signaling, angiogenesis, and immunology. They are also involved in the homeostasis of amino acids and proteins that are required for cellular proliferation. Tumor cells are highly dependent on the exogenous supply of amino acids for their survival, and overexpression of aminopeptidase facilitates rapid tumor cell proliferation. In addition, clinical studies have demonstrated that patients with cancers with high aminopeptidase expression often have poorer outcomes. Emerging evidence supports the rationale of inhibiting aminopeptidase activity as a targeted approach for novel treatment options, as limiting the availability of amino acids can be selectively lethal to tumor cells. While there are agents that directly target aminopeptidases that demonstrate potential as cancer therapies, such as bestatin and tosedostat, more selective and more targeted therapeutic approaches are needed. This article specifically looks at the biological role of aminopeptidases in both normal and cancer processes, and their potential as a biological target for future therapeutic strategies.
When examining previous publications, most do not cover aminopeptidases and their role in cancer processes. Aminopeptidases play a vital role in cell processes and functions; however, their overexpression may lead to a rapid proliferation of tumor cells. Emerging evidence supports the rationale of leveraging aminopeptidase activity as a targeted approach for new oncological treatments. This article specifically looks at the biological role of aminopeptidases in both normal and cancer processes, and their potential as a biological target for future therapeutic strategies.
Keywords: Cancer, peptidase, amino acids, peptidase inhibitor, peptide drug conjugates, metabolism, angiogenesis, unfolded protein response.
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Graphical Abstract

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009622666220623112605	Print ISSN 1568-0096
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-5576
Current Cancer Drug Targets

Aminopeptidases in Cancer, Biology and Prospects for Pharmacological Intervention

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