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Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

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Review Article

Pancreatic Macrophages and their Diabetogenic Effects: Highlight on Several Metabolic Scenarios and Dietary Approach

Author(s): Giuseppe Lisco, Vito Angelo Giagulli, Giovanni De Pergola, Edoardo Guastamacchia, Emilio Jirillo* and Vincenzo Triggiani

Volume 23, Issue 3, 2023

Published on: 26 August, 2022

Page: [304 - 315] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220510123913

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Evidence shows that a low-grade inflammation sustains type 2 diabetes (T2D). Pancreatic macrophages release cytokines and chemokines that play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of islet damage and destruction of beta-cells.

Methods: The authors discuss the main mechanism by which resident (pancreatic) and circulating macrophages regulate beta-cell development and survival in several scenarios, including T2D, type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and insulin resistance. Data are mostly related to in vitro and animal studies.

Results: Lastly, an overview of the role of the Mediterranean diet components (i.e., polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, probiotics, and vitamins) will be illustrated as potential agents for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with T2D when used along with antihyperglycemic treatments.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, islets, macrophages, diabetes mellitus, obesity, nutrition.

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